异形喷嘴变量喷头结构设计及其水量分布试验

为提高灌溉质量，降低喷灌系统工程投资，在摇臂式喷头基础上安装动静片和改装异形喷嘴装置，研制了一种新型的异形喷嘴变量喷洒喷头，介绍了其结构形式及工作原理。对安装异形喷嘴的变量喷头和圆形喷嘴变量喷头进行了对比试验研究及分析，并绘制了单喷头三维水量分布图和径向水量分布曲线。研究表明，异形喷嘴变量喷头运行可靠、基本能够实现三角形喷洒域，减小了现有的变域喷洒喷头喷洒均匀性容易受工作压力波动的影响，与圆形喷嘴的摇臂变量喷头相比其喷洒性能良好，减小了雨滴打击强度，改善了喷灌均匀性。经计算其平均喷灌强度为6.74 mm/h。用异形喷头装置可以改善变量喷头喷洒均匀度。

Structure design and experiments on the water distribution of the variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle

In order to improve the irrigation quality and reduce the investment of sprinkler irrigation systems engineering, a new type of variable-rate sprinkler were developed by using activity pieces and non-circle nozzle devices on an impact sprinkler. The structure and working principle were presented. Experimental test was conducted to compared the hydraulic performances of variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle and circle nozzle. Three-dimensional water distribution and radial water distribution were plotted by using MATLAB. Results showed that the variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle was able to operate reliably. A triangular wetted area was obtained. And the influence of operation pressure fluctuation on spraying uniformity was reduced. Compared with traditional variable-rate sprinkler, the variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle has better hydraulic performance. The measured average application intensity was 6.74 mm/h. The conclusion is that non-circle nozzle can improve the water distribution uniformity of variable-rate sprinkler effectively.