嘉峪关市产业用地类型的空间集聚度与空间关联度特征研究

为探究产业集聚形成与产业协同发展的机制,该研究以嘉峪关市为例,构建产业空间集聚的单指标评价体系,结合邻域丰度因子和地类交互因子建立产业空间关联的评价方法,利用基于产业的土地利用功能分类数据,计算研究区各产业的空间集聚度和不同产业间的空间关联度,分析各产业的空间集聚水平及产业间的空间关联程度。结果表明:1)主要分布在北部小范围的第一产业用地空间集聚度整体偏低,第二产业集聚度总体偏高,产业发展聚集在北部或东部地区,第三产业聚集度也相对较高,相比第二产业分布更松散;2)制造业聚集度最高,分别在8%～20%与46%～64%之间形成2条不同宽度的密集带,东部地区聚集效应已经初步形成,交运仓储和邮电信息业的斑块集聚度在15%～23%之间形成特别密集的分布带,产业用地尤其是交通运输业占地面积较大,但空间分布相对松散;3)第一产业用地因地处城区和近郊面积较小,与其他产业空间相关性低,第二产业用地对第三产业用地以及居住用地表现出排斥作用;4)采掘、冶炼与加工业和制造业都与公共资源生产供应与管理用地关联度均大于1,交运仓储和邮电信息业、商业服务业和公共管理与公共服务业与居住用地关联度都偏高,且三者互相也具有一定的关联度,说明人群的聚集与局部流动带动服务业的发展。空间集聚度和空间关联度较好地呈现产业集聚水平、表达产业间关联关系。

Study on characteristics of spatial agglomeration and spatial correlation of industrial land in Jiayuguan city

Industrial agglomeration plays a significant role in promoting regional economic development and regional competitiveness, and gradually becomes the main mode of regional economic development and industrial upgrading. Spatial agglomeration and correlation should not only consider the distribution density of an industrial land type, but also consider the location, size and shape of each patch. Neighborhood analysis can be used to analyze the correlation between industrial land types through the relationship between the area of specific patches and adjacent patches. This study applied the fishnet to divide the visual interpretation data into 20877 patches and calculated the spatial agglomeration degree and spatial correlation degree among 8 different industries in urban and suburban areas of Jiayuguan by establishing a single index evaluation system for industrial spatial agglomeration and combining the neighborhood abundance factor with the class interaction factor to establish the evaluation method of Industrial Spatial Association. And then the spatial agglomeration level and spatial correlation degree among industries were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) the first industry mainly distributed in a small area in the north, and the land spatial agglomeration was low. However, the second industrial land spatial agglomeration degree was high, and the industrial development mainly gathered in the northern or eastern region. As for the tertiary industry, its land spatial aggregation degree was relatively high, and has more dispersed distribution compared to the second industry. 2) Spatial agglomeration degree of manufacturing land was highest, and the largest spatial aggregation of the patches was 69.5%. There were two different dense zones between 8%-20% and 46%-64%, and the industrial cluster effect has initially formed in the eastern part. The spatial agglomeration of patches in transportation, warehousing, post and information industry has formed a particularly dense distribution belt between 15%-23%. Although the transportation industry land area was larger, its spatial distribution was dispersed. 3) The areas of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industry were relative small and had a low correlation with other industrial land, as the area of first industry was close to the urban area and the suburb. The second industrial land has shown a certain rejection effect on the tertiary industrial land and the residential land. 4) The interaction factor between the mining, smelting, processing and manufacturing and the production and supply and management of public resources was more than 1. The relationship between transportation, warehousing, post and information industry, commercial service industry and public management and public service and residential land was also high, and three of them were related to each other, which showed that the aggregation and local flow of the population promote the development of the tertiary industry. The spatial agglomeration degree and spatial correlation degree can accurately present industrial agglomeration level and express inter industry relationship. This study further illustrates that the successful transformation of Jiayuguan''s industry can not be separated from the strong industrial base of its second industrial agglomeration. And the agglomeration and diversification of manufacturing industry is also the dynamic guarantee for the rapid development of the steel market under the weakness of the steel market. The employment opportunities provided by the manufacturing industry and other second products also have an effective role in promoting the development and agglomeration of the three industries.