| 夏闲期不同耕作模式对土壤蓄水保墒效果及作物水分利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 侯贤清,李 荣,韩清芳,王 维,贾志宽.夏闲期不同耕作模式对土壤蓄水保墒效果及作物水分利用效率的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(3):94-100. |
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| 作者姓名： | 侯贤清 李 荣 韩清芳 王 维 贾志宽 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,杨凌712100;农业部旱地作物生产与生态重点开放实验室,杨凌712100
2. 西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,杨凌712100;农业部旱地作物生产与生态重点开放实验室,杨凌712100;西北农林科技大学农学院,杨凌712100 |
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| 基金项目： | “十一五”国家科技支撑课题“农田集雨保水关键技术研究”（2006BAD29B03）及“节水共性技术研究”（2007BAD88B10） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨夏闲期不同耕作模式对土壤蓄水保墒效果及小麦水分利用效率的影响,2007-2010年在宁南旱区采用免耕/深松/免耕、深松/免耕/深松、连年翻耕(传统耕作)3种耕作方式对土壤水分及冬小麦产量的影响进行了研究。结果表明,保护性耕作模式改善了麦田的土壤水分状况,且提高作物产量和水分利用效率效果显著。夏闲末期,相对于传统耕作,免耕/深松/免耕、深松/免耕/深松处理3a平均土壤蓄水量分别增加(P<0.05)3.92%和7.84%,降雨蓄水效率提高(P<0.05)13.64%和22.80%;小麦生育期,3a平均土壤蓄水量分别较传统耕作增加(P<0.05)7.96%和8.60%,平均生育期降水利用效率提高(P<0.05)9.59%和10.69%,平均年降水利用效率提高(P<0.05)9.52%和10.65%;3a平均产量分别较传统耕作提高(P<0.05)9.59%和10.69%,籽粒产量水分利用效率提高(P<0.05)7.17%和7.68%,生物产量水分利用效率提高(P<0.05)3.83%和4.34%。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤 含水率 干旱区 耕作模式 冬小麦产量 水分利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/4/29 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/5/23 0:00:00 |
Effects of different tillage patterns during summer fallow on soil water conservation and crop water use efficiency |
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| Hou Xianqing,Li Rong,Han Qingfang,Wang Wei and Jia Zhikuan.Effects of different tillage patterns during summer fallow on soil water conservation and crop water use efficiency[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(3):94-100. |
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| Authors: | Hou Xianqing Li Rong Han Qingfang Wang Wei and Jia Zhikuan |
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| Institution: | 1,2,3 (1.The Chinese Institute of Water-saving Agriculture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China;2.Key Laboratory of Crop Production and Ecology,Minister of Agriculture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling,712100,China;3.College of Agronomy,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to seek the effects of different tillage patterns during summer fallow on soil water conservation and crop water use efficiency, a field study was conducted to determine the effect of conservation tillage on soil water and winter wheat yield in arid areas of southern Ningxia from 2007 to 2010. Tillage treatments comprised NT/ST/NT (no-tillage in first year, subsoiling tillage in second year, again no-tillage in third year), ST/NT/ST (subsoiling tillage in first year, no-tillage in second year, again subsoiling tillage in third year), CT (conventional tillage in 3 years). The results showed that conservation tillage patterns could improve soil water condition in wheat field and significantly increase crop yield and water use efficiency. At the end of summer follow period, compared with CT, the 3-year mean soil water storage of NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST treatments in the 0-200 cm soil layers increased by 3.92% and 7.84% (P<0.05), the 3-year mean fallow rainfall storage efficiency increased by 13.64% and 22.80% (P<0.05), respectively. During wheat growing season, the 3-year mean soil water storage (0-200 cm) in NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST increased by 7.96% and 8.60% (P<0.05), mean growing season rainfall use efficiency increased by9.59% and 10.69% (P<0.05), mean year rainfall use efficiency increased by9.52% and 10.65% (P<0.05), respectively. Compared to CT, the 3-year mean wheat yield for NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST increased by 9.59% and 10.69% (P<0.05), mean grain yield water use efficiency increased by 7.17% and 7.68% (P<0.05), mean biomass yield water use efficiency increased by 3.83% and 4.34% (P<0.05), respectively. |
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| Keywords: | soils moisture arid regions tillage patterns winter wheat yield water use efficiency |
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