基于土地利用多功能性的县域乡村生活空间宜居性评价

为了探明土地利用多功能性与生活空间宜居性的理论逻辑关系,将土地利用多功能研究应用于宜居生活空间优化实践中。该文从土地利用供给人类所需产品和服务的视角,探讨了两者的理论逻辑关系,并基于土地利用多功能性构建了生活空间宜居性评价指标体系,设计了基于GIS和RS技术的指标空间化方法,并利用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)综合集成遥感、调查、统计等多源数据,定量研究了张北县生活空间宜居性的空间分异特征。结果表明:张北县生活空间宜居性呈现以张北镇为高值中心、二台-沙沟镇为副中心的空间分布态势,较强以上等级宜居性生活空间面积仅占全县面积的2.42%。其中,生活承载功能呈现以张北县为高值中心,以主要交通干线为高值轴线的网状分布态势;生活保障功能呈现出张北镇、油篓沟乡北部和二台镇-沙沟镇2个组团式高值中心的分布态势;精神净化功能高值中心主要分布在张北镇,在沿张北镇西南方向至大河乡以及二台-沙沟镇两区域出现副高值中心。城镇区域宜居性等级多为较强及以上,主要分布在张北镇、沙沟镇、油娄沟乡、二台镇;乡村区域宜居性等级多为较弱及以下,主要分布在海图流乡、二泉井乡、大河乡、单晶河乡、两面井乡等,这些乡镇的乡村区域是"振兴乡村"战略推进过程中首要关注的重点区域。

Evaluation on livability of living space based on multiple functions of land use at county level

Abstract: The livability evaluation of living space was an important topic, which had important guiding significance for improving the livability of living space.This study aimed to explore the theoretical logical relationship between the multi-function of land use and livability of living space, and make use of the research about multi-function of land use for the optimization practice of livability of living space. So, this paper discussed the theoretical logical relationships between multiple functions of land use and livability of living space from the perspective of human needed products and services supplied by land use, and the evaluation index system was built based on the relationship and previous research. And then, the scheme of index spatialization was designed based on the technology of geographical information system(GIS) and remote sensing(RS). At the same time, multi-source data like remote sensing, survey, statistical and other spatialdataset were integrated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to quantify the spatial distribution of living space in ZhangbeiCounty, Hebei Province. The results showed that the livability of living space in ZhangbeiCounty presented the trend that the high value center was concentrated in the ZhangbeiTown and the subcenterwas distributed in Ertai-ShagouTown. The living space area above relatively strong levelwas only 2.42% of all county area.The spatial distribution characteristics of 3 types of land use were significantly difference;livingbearing function presented a trend like network distribution takingmain traffic trunk line as high value axis and ZhangbeiCounty as high value center. Living support function presented 2 groupsof high value centerscontaining the ZhangbeiTownand the north of YoulougouTown, and Ertai-shagouTown. The high value center of mental purification function was distributed in the ZhangbeiTown and the subcenterwas distributed in the area along the southwest of ZhangbeiTown to DaheTown and Ertai-shagouTown. There was a large difference in the distribution of livability between towns and villages. Most of the areas of livability space in town land were above the moderate level, especially, the area the livability level of which belonged to the higher and highest accounted for 78.37% of the total area of the town land, and meanwhile, accounted for 74.94% of the total area with higher and highest level of living space. This area was mainly distributed in the town of Zhangbei, Ertaiand Shagou, and YoulougouVillage. Most of the livability areas in rural land were under the moderate level, and the area oflower and lowest level accounted for 78.39% of the total area of the rural land, whatwas more, accounted for 95.32% of the total area with lower and lowest level of living space. This area was mainly concentered in the town ofHailiutu, Erquanjing, Dahe, Danjinghe, and Liangmianjing. The spatial difference of the functional elements of land use was the main reason to the difference in livability of living space. So, according to the above results, some conclusions can be drawn in this research. The villages, which containlarge lower and lowest livability space area, are the key areas of primary concern inthe implementation process of the"Revitalizing the countryside" strategy; what''s more, the theory and method of land use multi-function can be applied to the study of livability evaluation of living space.