| 不同质地重塑土坡面细沟侵蚀形态与水力特性及产沙的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 倪世民,冯舒悦,王军光,蔡崇法.不同质地重塑土坡面细沟侵蚀形态与水力特性及产沙的关系[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(15):149-156. |
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| 作者姓名： | 倪世民 冯舒悦 王军光 蔡崇法 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中农业大学水土保持研究中心农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（41771304）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0505404）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤质地对坡面侵蚀产沙与细沟形态具有重要影响。为明确不同质地土壤坡面的细沟形态与侵蚀产沙特征的关系,该研究以土沙混合配制不同颗粒组成的重塑土坡面为研究对象,采用室内放水冲刷动床试验,选取了平均沟深、平均沟宽及断面宽深比等作为细沟基本形态参数,分析了坡面细沟形态与水力学特性、侵蚀产沙的定量关系,并建立坡面侵蚀经验预测方程。结果表明:1)沟深随坡度增大而增大,沟宽随坡度增大而减小,两者随流量的变化不明显,细沟断面宽深比随坡度和流量的增加逐渐减小;2)同一试验条件下,坡面含沙量的增加使细沟断面形态整体由"窄深式"趋向"宽浅式";3)单位水流功率、水流功率与坡面细沟形态参数的关系最为密切(r0.784,p0.01),平均沟宽与水力学参数关系不显著;4)平均沟深与细沟形态综合量化参数对坡面产沙有较好的预测效果(R20.747,NES0.755,p0.01);5)引入坡面土壤黏粒含量参数后,基于细沟形态参数与坡面土壤黏粒含量的坡面侵蚀经验预测方程可信程度与预测精度显著提高(R20.879,NES0.887,p0.01)。该研究为坡面侵蚀预测与侵蚀机理研究提供参考依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 水力学 侵蚀 细沟形态 产沙 坡面侵蚀预测方程 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/2/1 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/6/4 0:00:00 |
Relationship between rill erosion morphology and hydraulic characteristics and sediment yield on artificial soils slope with different textures |
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| Ni Shimin,Feng Shuyue,Wang Junguang and Cai Chongfa.Relationship between rill erosion morphology and hydraulic characteristics and sediment yield on artificial soils slope with different textures[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(15):149-156. |
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| Authors: | Ni Shimin Feng Shuyue Wang Junguang and Cai Chongfa |
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| Institution: | Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) in Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China,Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) in Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China,Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) in Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China and Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River) in Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China |
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| Abstract: | |
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| Keywords: | hydraulic erosion rill morphology sediment yield slope erosion prediction equation |
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