基于MCR-InVEST模型的城郊耕地多功能评价及功能分区

城郊地区作为城乡融合区域,展现出既不同于城市建成区又异于传统乡村的特征,显化城郊地区耕地资源多功能的空间分异特征对于提高城郊地区耕地资源价值,推动耕地的保护与发展具有重要意义。该研究以南昌市城郊作为研究区,全国第三次国土调查耕地图斑及乡镇为基本研究单元,进行实地土壤采样与调研,基于多源数据使用综合指数法、MCR模型、InVEST模型量化耕地的多功能,分析耕地多功能空间差异并根据区域差异进行耕地多功能分区。结果表明：1）南昌市城郊耕地生产功能等级较高,中高等级耕地面积为16 358.31 hm2,占比78%,主要位于东湖区、青山湖区、湾里管理局;文化景观功能等级高,耕地处于中高等的面积为15 295.73 hm2,面积占比为73%,高等级区域位于东湖区以及高新区麻丘镇;大部分耕地的生态功能处于中等,为11 010.19 hm2,占比52%,高等级区域主要位于湾里管理局。2） 根据耕地多功能分区理论框架和乡镇耕地多功能结果识别出6个功能一级分区,11个二级分区。南昌市城郊不同区域耕地的多功能具有不同的差异与特征,要根据区域耕地功能特色采取差异化的耕地利用、发展与保护策略。研究结果可为科学规划城郊耕地功能、优化空间布局促进耕地多功能综合发展提供依据。

Multi-function evaluation and functional zoning of suburban cultivated land using MCR-InVEST model

Abstract: Suburban areas can be the urban-rural integration areas, totally different from the urban built-up and traditional rural areas. It is of great significance to reveal the multi-functional spatial differentiation characteristics of cultivated land resources in suburban areas, in order to promote the conservation and development of cultivated land. Taking the suburban areas of Nanchang City as the study area, this study aims to implement the multi-function evaluation and functional zoning of suburban cultivated land using the MCR-InVEST model. The field soil sampling was first conducted using the cultivated land map spots and townships in the Third National Land Survey as the basic research units. The multifunctionality of cultivated land was then quantified using the multi-source data, the integrated index, and the MCR-InVEST model. The multifunctional zoning of cultivated land was also carried out after evaluation. The spatial variation of multifunctional cultivated land in the suburban areas was revealed to identify the multifunctional characteristics of regional cultivated land. The results showed that: (1) there was a high production function level of cultivated land in the suburban areas, with an area of 16,358.31 hm2 of the medium to high grade (accounting for 78% of the total), which were mainly located in the East Lake District, Qingshan Lake District, and Wanli Administration. The high cultural landscape function level was also found with an area of 15,295.73 hm2 of the medium to high grade (accounting for 73%). The high-grade areas were located in the East Lake District and Maqiu Town in High-tech District. There was the medium ecological function level of the most cultivated land, with an area of 11,010.19 hm2 (accounting for 52%), where the high-grade areas were mainly located in the Wanli Administration. The areas of multi-functional high, medium, and low-grade spots were 3755.26 (accounting for 18%), 7453.83 (accounting for 35%), and 9818.65 (accounting for 47%) hm2, respectively, in the comprehensive view of the multi-functional index of cultivated land. Spatially, the high-grade areas were mainly located in the East Lake District, Economic Development Zone, Central Qingshan Lake District, North Central Wanli Administration, and Southeast Honggu Tan District; the medium-grade areas were mainly located in the Honggu Tan District, West High-tech District, East Lake District, and North Economic Development Zone; the low-grade areas were mainly located in the East High-tech District, North Honggu Tan District, and Northeast Economic Development Zone. Furthermore, there was geographical convergence in the high, medium, and low-grade areas of the multifunctional integrated score in the cultivated land. (2) Six functional primary and eleven secondary zoning areas were identified, according to the theoretical framework of multifunctional zoning of cultivated land and the multifunctional cultivated land in townships. The multi-functions of cultivated land were greatly varied in the different areas of suburban areas. Differentiated strategies can be expected to serve as the development and protection of cultivated land, according to the functional characteristics of regional cultivated land. The finding can provide a scientific basis to optimize the spatial pattern of cultivated land in suburban areas, thus promoting the integrated development of cultivated land.