苹果果实成熟期间电特性的研究

为了了解果实成熟期间电特性的变化规律,该文以红富士苹果为对象,研究了测试信号的频率和电压对成熟期苹果电参数的影响,果实生长中电参数和生理生化参数的变化,并分析了电参数变化的原因。研究结果表明：频率对苹果电参数的影响规律与苹果成熟度无关,但电压对苹果电参数的影响规律与苹果成熟度有关。苹果成熟期间,其呼吸强度持续下降;果实成熟前期,相对介电常数和pH值逐渐下降,后期逐渐增大;而电阻率和可溶性固形物含量在前期逐渐增大,后期减小。这些参数的转折点皆出现在同一时间,说明电参数与苹果内部品质之间存在必然的联系,可以用电参数反映内部物质成分的变化。

Electrical properties of apples during ripening

In order to understand electrical properties of fruits during ripening, Fuji apples were used to study the influences of frequency and voltage on electrical property parameters, and change regularities of electrical property parameters, physiological and bio-chemical property parameters in ripening period. The reasons that caused the change in values of electrical properties were analyzed. The results indicated that apple maturity did not have influence on frequency dependence of electrical property parameters, but maturity affected voltage dependence of the electrical parameters. During ripening, respiration intensity decreased monotonously. The relative dielectric constant and pH value decreased gradually in earlier period of ripening, but they increased in later period. The resistivity and total soluble solids content increased in earlier period and decreased in later period. The turning points of these parameters appeared in the same time. It illustrates that there are correlation between electrical property parameters and internal qualities, and electrical property parameters can reflect the changes of internal components of apples.