日光温室水幕帘蓄放热系统增温效应试验研究

针对日光温室夜间温度过低,难以满足作物生长需求这一问题。设计了一种水幕帘蓄放热系统,该系统以日光温室墙体结构为依托,以水为介质进行热量的蓄积与释放,白天利用水循环通过水幕帘吸收太阳能,同时将能量储存在水池中,夜晚利用水循环通过水幕帘释放热量,以提高日光温室内温度。试验测试结果表明,应用该水幕帘蓄放热系统可将温室内夜间温度提高5.4℃以上,可将作物根际温度提高1.6℃以上;该系统夜间通过水幕帘的放热量达到4.9～5.6MJ/m2;日光温室蓄放热量的增加,实现了西红柿的安全过冬生产,同时将西红柿的上市时间至少提前20d。该研究成果对日光温室结构的改进、温度调控有较大的科学意义。

Research on warming effect of water curtain system in Chinese solar greenhouse

In order to increasing air temperature at night in Chinese solar greenhouse which meet the need of crop growth, a water curtain system was designed to increase the air temperature in Chinese solar greenhouse at night. In this system north wall of Chinese solar greenhouse was regarded as a support, and water was used as media to store and release heat. In the day, when water circuited and passed water curtain, the solar radiation was absorbed in the system and stored the heat in a water tank simultaneously. At night, when water circuited and passed water curtain, the heat was released to the greenhouse and then the air temperature was increased in the Chinese solar greenhouse. The experiments had in last winter showed that the air temperature at night in greenhouse was increased by over 5.4℃ and the soil temperature at crop rhizosphere was increased by over 1.6℃, the heat release from water curtain at night in this system was 4.9-5.6MJ/m2, the increasing of the thermal storage and heat release of water curtain system in greenhouse made the tomatoes safely grow in winter and the time that cherry tomatoes was came into the market was put ahead by 20 days. It is significant to structure improvement and temperature control in Chinese solar greenhouse.