农药雾滴沉积特性研究进展与展望

农药雾滴在喷施过程中因无法有效润湿靶标而出现反弹、飞溅、聚并滚落等现象，致使周边环境受侵害，严重威胁生态稳定及安全。由于雾滴沉积过程较为复杂，且相关机理尚不成熟，因此雾滴沉积特性研究是实现药液有效沉积，推动病虫害防治技术快速发展的关键。该文从单液滴微观动力学和雾滴群沉积飘移特性两个方面对目前研究进行总结，主要阐述了单液滴撞壁行为研究方法、影响单液滴界面行为的主要因素及单液滴撞壁理论建模研究；雾滴群分布特性研究方法、沉积量收集及检测方法以及雾滴群建模研究；并探讨了以上两种主流研究思路对最终沉积量评估的贡献及目前存在的瓶颈问题，且基于此提出了未来发展建议，以期为农药沉积特性研究及病虫害防治技术提供参考。

Research progress and prospect of pesticide droplet deposition characteristics

Abstract: Abstract: Pesticide droplets can rebound, splash, and roll off the target surface during spraying, due mainly to insufficient wettability. The resulting environmental pollution has seriously threatened ecological stability and safety. However, the correlative mechanism of droplet deposition is still under exploration at present. It is necessary to explore the characteristics of effective droplet deposition for pest control. This study aims to review current researches on droplet deposition ranging from microdynamics of a single droplet and drift characteristics of the droplet group. The final deposition assessment and the bottleneck were also addressed, in order to clarify the research perspective of pesticide deposition. A single droplet model was essential to the impact mechanism of the droplet group because the pesticide droplets hit the target surface in the form of a single droplet during spraying. The previous reports on the deposition of the single droplet mainly contributed to the observation technologies, the influencing factors at the interface behavior of the single droplet, and the modeling of the single droplet hitting the target surface. However, the deposition behavior in the actual work depended mainly on the droplet distribution and canopy structure. There were two approaches to explore the deposition and drift characteristics in the spray field through the droplet group at present. One approach was that the observation and simulation were utilized to determine the movement of droplets in the spray field, thereby establishing the relationship between deposition behavior and amount. Another was to calculate the final deposition through actual experiments or simulation techniques, including the direct measurement of deposition on the surface of leaves, and the indirect measurement represented by the amount of drift in the air or on the ground. The research of droplet group was introduced to the distribution characteristics, deposition collection, and detection, as well as droplet group modeling. More importantly, a further combined modeling was necessary to accurately estimate the deposition behavior and the volume of deposited pesticides. The following suggestions can be drawn: 1) To establish the relationship between the single droplet and the droplet group modeling through the three-dimensional atomization field; 2) To estimate the amount of adhesion liquid after a single droplet hits the wall through image processing; 3) To explore the influence of wetted surfaces on deposition behavior; 4) To establish plant models in different growth periods. The finding can be widely expected to provide a strong reference for the research of pesticide deposition and pest control technologies.