寒地超级稻摘脱台设计参数的试验研究

为进一步改善寒地超级稻霜前收获摘脱台的性能，降低梳脱损失，通过对影响摘脱台工作性能的主要参数和结构特点的分析，在4ZTL-1800型气吸式割前摘脱稻麦联合收割机研究基础上，设计了一种具有可更换3种滚筒的摘脱台。以摘脱台的总损失为评价指标，对摘脱滚筒线速度、喂入速度、喂入口开度与喂入口风速进行了单因素和多因素正交试验。单因素试验表明：摘脱滚筒线速度、喂入速度和喂入口风速三因素对摘脱损失有显著影响。正交试验表明：最佳组合为滚筒线速度23 m/s，喂入速度1.1 m/s，喂入口开度120 mm，喂入口气流速度14 m/s，此技术条件下摘脱损失不大于1%。所设计的摘脱台满足超级稻收获要求，并为超级稻割前摘脱联合收割机摘脱台的设计提供依据。

Experiments on design parameters of stripping header for super rice in cold region

To further improve the operating function and reduce stripping losses of stripping header for harvesting pre-frost super rice in cold region, through analysis on the main parameters and characteristics of structure which influence the working performance of stripping header, a new stripping header, which was changeable for three types of cylinder, was designed based on the 4ZTL-1800 type stripper harvester with air suction for rice and wheat. Single factor and multi-factors orthogonal experiments were carried out, which selected linear velocity of stripping rotor with triangle plate teeth, feeding velocity, inlet opening size and air-flow velocity as experimental factors, and post harvest loss rate of grain (scattering loss, loss of grain in straw and un-threshed loss) were took as judging indexes. The single factor experiments showed that the post harvest loss rate of grain was remarkably influenced by linear velocity of stripping rotor, feeding velocity and air-flow velocity. Furthermore, the orthogonal experiment indicated that the best scheme was the linear velocity of stripping rotor as 23 m/s, feeding speed as 1.1 m/s, inlet air-flow velocity as 14 m/s and inlet opening size as 120 mm, and the post harvest loss rate was lower than 1% under this condition. The stripping header can meet the requirements of stripping harvest for super rice, and provide basis for the design of the stripping header of stripper harvester.