遥感和地面数据驱动下的农业气候环境信息网格化技术研究

随着GIS技术飞速发展和遥感的应用，使得大范围细小网格上的农业气候资源各要素的计算成为可能。论文提出构建农业气候环境信息网格的基本思想。首先借助ArcGIS平台，利用DEM数据，通过Kriging插值将地理、地形因子网格化和参数化，生成了中国地区1 km×1 km网格的海拔高度、坡度、坡向等地形因子数据。其次利用MODIS数据反演得到了全国2001年月均1 km×1 km网格的地表反照率数据和大气总透射率。在获取了这些基本参数后，考虑地形和大气衰减因子，定量分析了坡度、坡向、地形遮蔽因素对太阳辐射的影响，在此基础上建立了坡地太阳辐射计算模型，最终实现了中国地区气候环境信息空间网格化。这样不仅可以弥补地区气候观测资料空缺，避免了传统方法以点代面的局限性，还可以为农业生产和科学研究提供有关气候环境信息的基础数据。

Technical research on agricultural climate-environmental information gridding driven by remote sensing and ground data

The developing GIS and RS technologies make it possible that agricultural climate resources on a large scale can be calculated in tiny grid. Meteorological observatory network in China was set up first using GIS technology based on DEM data and data from all observatories; then the geographical and topographical factors were gridded and parameterized by Kriging interpolation to produce the meteorological data and elevation, slope and aspect data in 1 km×1 km grid. The monthly surface albedo data and atmosphere total transmission rate data in 2001 were reversally developed on national scale using TERRA/MODIS data. The impact on solar radiation from factors of slope, aspect and topographical shadow was analyzed quantitatively based on the DEM data, then solar radiation calculation model in hillside was built and agricultural climate environmental information was gridded. The gridded agricultural climate information can be provided as basic data for agricultural production and scientific research that the data from observatories only cannot do well.