渗灌灌水定额对温室黄瓜产量和水分利用效率的影响

为了解决不合理灌溉所引发的问题，采用先进的灌水技术和灌水理论，制定合理的保护地蔬菜栽培灌溉制度，即确定适宜灌水控制指标，对于节约水资源、提高产量等都具有非常重要的意义。采用保护地黄瓜栽培小区试验的方法，通过比较单次灌水量、灌水次数、水分利用效率和产量等指标，对不同灌溉计划湿润层土壤湿润比灌溉效果进行了综合评价。研究结果表明，在砂质黏壤土上，当节点式渗灌管埋深为25 cm、计划湿润层深15～40 cm（厚度25 cm）、灌水控制上限和下限分别定为土壤水吸力6 kPa（田间持水量）和30 kPa时，将灌溉计划湿润层土壤湿润比设定为前期0.37～0.38（灌水定额54～56 m3/hm2）、后期0.34～0.37（灌水定额50～55 m3/hm2）并依此进行灌溉，具有较好的高产、优质、节水效果。

Effects of subirrigation quota on cucumber yield and water use efficiency in greenhouse

The optimal irrigation quota of sectional subirrigation for cucumber in protected field was studied by measuring the yield and water use efficiency under different soil wetted ratios. The cucumber growth period was divided into two stages as earlier stage and later stage, and the irrigation was based on the upper irrigation control limit and lower control limit for each growth period. The results are showed as fellows: when the buried depth of subirrigation pipe is 25 cm, the planned wetting soil zone is 15-40 cm (25 cm depth), the upper irrigation control limit and lower control limit are 6 kPa (soil water suction) and 30 kPa, respectively, the optimal soil wetted ratio of planned wetting soil zone for earlier stage of cucumber is 0.37-0.38 (irrigation quota is 54-56 m3/hm2) and later stage is 0.34-0.37 (irrigation quota is 50-55 m3/hm2) for sandy clay loam, and at these wetted ratios the yield and water use efficiency are optimal.