农村居民点整理不同阶段农户参与行为影响因素分析

为探讨农村居民点整理中农户参与行为机制及其影响因素,该文基于江苏省5县531个农户的调研数据,实证分析了不同农村居民点整理阶段农户参与行为特征及其影响因素的差异。结果表明:1)不同农村居民点整理阶段,显著影响农户参与行为的因素存在较大差异。2)所有因素中,农户整理内容认知对农户整体参与行为、决策制定参与行为影响分别在5%及1%的水平上显著;农户参与能力认知对农户决策制定参与行为、施工建设参与行为的影响分别在1%及10%的水平上显著;来自外部环境中的政府支持度对农户整体参与行为的影响在5%的水平上显著,对农户施工建设参与行为以及后期管护参与行为的影响则均在1%的水平上显著。3)农户受教育年数以及家庭年收入均未对任何类型的农户参与行为产生显著影响。建议未来应制定差别化政策激励农户全过程参与,并着重于信息公开制度的完善、农户参与能力的提升、参与程序的制定以及参与外部制度环境的建设。

Analysis of influencing factors of farmers' participation behavior in different rural residential land consolidation stages

Abstract: To promote farmers'' participation in rural residential land consolidation, the research of discussing the mechanism of farmers'' participation in rural residential land consolidation and identifying the factors affecting farmers'' participation behavior should be carried out urgently. Considering specific mechanisms of some influence factors causing farmers'' different participation behaviors couldn''t be explained well, when farmers'' different participation behaviors in different consolidation stages were considered as an entire party. Therefore, basing on rural residential land consolidation stages, farmers'' participation behaviors were divided into 4 types in this paper: general participation, decision-making participation, construction participation and late management and protection participation. The questionnaire was designed to investigate farmers basic information, farmers'' different participation behavior, and the environment of the villages. To guarantee the representativeness of the sample, 3~4 resettlement areas, in which land consolidation had been completed, were chose in every district/county. The total number of valid farmer questionnaires was 531 from2 cities of both north and south Jiangsu Province, which involved 25 villages in 5 districts/counties. From June to Augustin 2016, face-to-face investigations were conducted with farmers by random sampling. Based on the micro-survey data, binary logistic regression models by Stata12 were used to explore the influence factors of farmers'' different participation behavior in different rural residential land consolidation stages. The results indicated: 1) Farmers'' cognition of consolidation content, health condition, government support and local economic level had significant impacts on farmers'' general participation. While none of the factors like gender, education years, cognition of participation ability and social identity, which should had significantly affected farmers'' participation behavior theoretically, exerted no significant influence in the model. 2) There were significant differences between the factors that significantly affecting farmers'' participation in different rural residential land consolidation stages. And factors such as gender, social identity and social relation network had significant effects on farmers'' particular participation behavior, but the effects counteracted at general participation level. It was the reason why they had no significant effect on farmers'' general participation behavior. This finding fully demonstrated the necessity of analyzing farmers'' participation of different stages.3) Despite factors affecting farmers'' participation behavior in different stages differed, farmers'' cognition of consolidation content, cognition of participation ability and government support influenced most types of farmers'' participation behavior significantly.4) Family income and education years had no significant impact on any type of farmers'' participation behavior. It implies that constraints brought by low family income and education level are no more the key factors that reduce farmers'' participation motivation. Consciousness of rights will be the new incentive instead. And the awakening of consciousness of rights depends on the construction of the external systems and policies. According to these results, it is suggested that differential policies should be made to encourage farmers participating in the entire consolidation process. Enhancing farmers'' ability to participate, improving participation process and constructing external institutional environment should be the priorities of policy-making in the foreseeable future. This study can provide a more comprehensive and accurate guidance to promote farmers'' participation in rural residential land consolidation.