基于生态足迹方法的玉米-味精生态农业及产业系统分析

为了提高生态产业研究结果的可比性，以味精产业为例，用生态足迹方法分析了产业过程涉及不同子系统的资源利用和环境污染情况。味精生产由三个子系统构成，玉米生产、淀粉生产和味精生产。计算结果表明，从玉米到味精的生产过程也是生态足迹延长的过程，其中玉米生态足迹占用面积最大，主要是因为耕地和水资源占用大；生态足迹的延长伴随着足迹效益的增加，意味着延长产业链条可以提高资源利用效率；系统的间接能源生态足迹较大，因此应重点考虑降低间接能源的能耗；味精生产系统的能耗最高，空气和水体环境污染最为严重。研究表明，生态足迹是一种很好的衡量复合生态产业不同子系统资源利用和环境污染状况的方法。

Analysis of the eco-agriculture and industry systems of maize and monosodium glutamate based on ecological footprint method

To improve the comparability of the research results in ecological industry, the ecological footprint(EF) method was applied to analyze the resources utilization and environmental pollution among various sub systems of industrial process, taking maize-monosodium glutamate(MSG) industry as a case. The production of MSG is made up of three subsystems which are those of maize, starch, and MSG. Results indicate that the production process from maize to MSG is a prolonging process of the EF, in which the maize production occupied the biggest area, because its proportion of the EF of farmland and water resources is very high. It was found that the prolonging of EF follows the increase of resources profit, meaning that the prolonging of production chain is of importance to improve resources utilization efficiency. Authors augure that all three sub-systems have high proportion of the indirect energy EF, and reducing their energy consumption should become their targets sub-systems in which the air and water pollution in MSG subsystem is the most serious. Finally, it is considered that EF is a good method to measure resources utilization and environmental pollution in various subsystems of a integrated ecological industry.