玉米田间微集水种植的水温效应及其对植株生长发育的影响

以常规覆膜为对照，探讨了玉米采取4种集水种植模式的水温效应及其对玉米生长发育的影响。结果表明，4种集水种植模式都具有不同程度的集水增墒效应和降低地表温度的作用。集水效应以宽垄式＞硬覆盖＞膜内式＞膜侧式，依次是对照的2.36、2.07、1.88和1.69倍。降温效应以硬覆盖＞宽垄式＞膜侧式＞膜内式，依次较对照低1.6 ℃、1.4 ℃、0.8 ℃和0.5 ℃。水温效应的协调作用不仅可控制植株营养生长，促进生殖生长，而且还延长了生育期，使生殖生长与雨季更加吻合，因而穗大、粒饱，增产效果显著。硬覆盖、宽垄式、膜内

Water and Temperature Effect of Collected-Rain Water Patterns and Its Effect on Maize Development and Growth

This paper studied Water and temperature effect of collected-rain water patterns and its effect on maize development and growth, with common mulching as control. The results show that the four kinds of water collection patterns, on some degree, all can collect rain water and increase soil moisture, and decrease soil surface temperature, the effect order is as follows: wide ridge mulching, hard material mulching, narrow ridge mulching with plants in the mulch, narrow ridge mulching with plans out the mulch, they are as 2.36, 2.07, 1.88 and 1.69 times as controlled one. Decreasing temperature effect is in the order of hard material mulching, wide ridge mulching, narrow ridge mulching with plants out the mulch, narrow ridge mulching with plants in the mulch, it is 1.6,1.4,0.8 and 0.5 centigrade lower than the controlled one. Water and temperature coordinately acting can control vegetation growth and promote reproduction growth, and what is more, prolonging the length of reproduction, so that reproduction growth is identical with rain season, with big ear of grain, full grain and marked increasing yield effect, their position order is hard material mulching, wide ridge mulching, narrow ridge mulching with plants in the mulch and narrow ridge mulching with plants out the mulch, increasing yield ratio is 27.4%,20.9%,13.3% and 7.7% respectively.