基于灭茬圆盘驱动旋耕刀多功能耕整机设计与试验

针对玉米作物根茬难清除、制约后续标准作业的问题,结合北方寒地保护性耕作工艺,设计了一种与大马力拖拉机配套的茬地耕整机。该机采用联合作业方式,能够一次完成起茬、破茬碎土、垄体深松、灭茬旋耕、起垄、垄体整形等多项作业。设计了自驱动式弧形齿盘破茬器和螺旋碎土装置,破茬器转速为33～37r/min,旋耕刀转速为350～390r/min,深松深度为30cm左右。田间试验表明,该机工作性能良好,灭茬旋耕效果显著。与传统耕作机具和进口联合整地机相比,破土率提高2.4%～6.9%,破茬率提高6.3%～12.9%,节省油耗26.3%～40.4%。

Design and experiment of multifunctional tillage machine with driven bent blade by stubble ploughing disk

In order to removal maize stubble for subsequent standard procedure, , a tillage machine for high-powered tractor was designed with functions of cracking stubble, rotary tillage, deep digging, ridge forming and shaping ridge simultaneously combined with technology of conservation agriculture in northward. The structure of self-driven curved tooth mechanism and the rotary cultivator were completed for better cultivating effects with field experiment. The win blades shovel is universal type, and the depth of sub soiling is above 30 cm. Motion parameters of the self-driven combined tilling machine were optimized by several times of experiment. Rotational speed of cracker and rotavator was 33-37 r/min and 350-390 r/min, respectively. Field experiment showed that its performance can perfectly meet agriculture technique requirements. Compared with classical harrow and import combined tilling machine, this tractor increased ground-breaking rate by 2.4%-6.9%, increased cutting stubbles rate 6.3%-12.9%, and saved fuel consumption 26.3%-40.4%.