中国土地整理工程发展回顾与展望-基于《农业工程学报》"土地整理工程"专栏2002-2020年刊载文献的计量学分析

土地整理工程是保障国家粮食安全与生态安全的重要手段。为了促进土地整理工程学术交流与科技创新,《农业工程学报》自2002年开始开设"土地整理工程"专栏,随着土地整理工程研究领域和内涵的不断拓展,2020年5月第9期开始,"土地整理工程"专栏更名为"土地保障与生态安全"。该文基于文献计量方法对《农业工程学报》"土地整理工程"专栏2002—2020年期间刊发的论文进行统计分析,并对不同研究方向的研究进展进行总结,提出未来土地资源保障与国土生态安全领域的研究重点,以期为中国的粮食安全与生态安全战略提供支撑。研究发现:土地整理工程主要研究方向包括土地利用、土地评价、农地整理、耕地质量与安全、3S和土地信息技术、工矿废弃地复垦、农村居民点整理、土地生态、土地修复、基本农田建设与保护、节约用地、乡村空间格局与发展、耕地开发、市地整理等方向;土地评价、农地整理和耕地质量与安全是学者们比较关注的热点,发文量分别占比10.52%、10.16%和8.51%;围绕土地评价、农地整理、耕地质量与安全、3S和土地信息技术和工矿废弃地复垦等方向,"土地整理工程专栏"形成了10个在全国处于领先研究地位的作者合作网络组团,以及5个关键词聚类;"土地整理工程专栏"刊发论文覆盖了土地整理工程的各个方向,近年来学者们更加关注生态化土地整治,基于景观生态学等理论来构建土地利用安全格局、分析土地整治的生态效应,同时关注土地整治单项工程的生态化设计与修复技术、农村居民点的格局演变与布局优化等内容。未来土地资源保障与国土生态安全研究将更注重"系统化、生态化、信息化和智能化",研究区域生态系统保护修复的理论、方法和机理,实现"山-水-林-田-湖-草"的"整体保护、统一修复、综合治理";借助基础信息大数据,开展自然资源一张图智能化管理研究,构建国土生态安全格局。

Review and prospect of land consolidation and rehabilitation engineering in China--Based on the bibliometric analysis of the literature published amount in the "Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Engineering" column of Transactions of the CSAE from 2002 to 2020

Abstract: The land consolidation project is one of the most important approaches to ensure national food and ecological security. An academic journal "Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering" launched a column of "Land Consolidation Project" in 2002, in order to promote the research of land consolidation project. This column was renamed the "Land Resource Guarantee and National Land Ecological Security" from the 9th issue of May 2020, with the continuous expansion of research fields in the modern land consolidation project. In this study, the bibliometrics was utilized to statistically analyze the papers published in the "Land Consolidation Project" column of "Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering" from 2002 to 2020. Great research progress was highlighted in the different research directions, and then the future focus was proposed in the field of land resource and national ecological security, with emphasis on China''s strategy of food and ecological security. The results showed that the research directions of land consolidation project mainly included land use, land evaluation, agricultural land consolidation, cultivated land quality and safety, 3S and land information technology, industrial and mining wasteland reclamation, rural residential area consolidation, land ecology, land restoration, basic farmland construction and protection, land saving, rural spatial pattern and development, cultivated land development, as well as urban land consolidation. Furthermore, land evaluation, agricultural land consolidation, and cultivated land quality and safety had become hot topics, where the publications accounted for 10.52%, 10.16%, and 8.51%, respectively. 5-keyword clustering was formed, such as the land evaluation, agricultural land consolidation, cultivated land quality and safety, 3S and land information technology, as well as industrial and mining wasteland reclamation. Additionally, 10 groups of cooperation networks were formed in the leading research fields using the cooperation network of research authors generated by VOSviewer. More importantly, the published papers in the "Land Consolidation Project Column" had covered all directions of the land consolidation project. Ecological land consolidation and land-use security pattern were established in recent years, where the ecological effect of land consolidation was analyzed using the theory of landscape ecology. Moreover, many efforts have been made on the ecological design and restoration technology of single land consolidation project, together with the pattern evolution and layout optimization of rural residential areas. In the future, much more attention can be paid to the land resource security and national land ecological security, particularly to the theories and mechanisms in the "systematization, ecologicalization, informationization and intelligence" for the protection and restoration of the regional ecosystem, to realize "overall protection, unified restoration and comprehensive management" of "mountain-water-forest-field-lake-grass". Consequently, the ecological security pattern of national land can be built, once the research on the intelligent management of one map of natural resources was implemented using the state-of-the-art big data in intelligent agriculture.