不同地貌类型下景观格局对土地利用方式的响应

地貌条件是影响局地人类土地利用意识形成最直接、最关键的因素，由此形成的土地利用空间格局不仅在景观尺度上反映了人类对自然生态系统的影响程度，还是对自然、社会经济条件及政策的响应。该文选取重庆市沙坪坝区青木关镇、凤凰镇为研究区，调用其土地利用现状数据库，重新划分土地利用类型，提取景观格局指数，分析与探讨不同地貌条件下景观格局对土地利用方式的响应。结果表明，不同景观类型在同一地貌区内的格局特征不同，同一景观要素在不同地貌区的空间格局也有差异；中丘地貌区内土地利用类型多样，景观类型的本底不明显，受外界影响与干扰大；浅丘地貌区以耕地(水田和旱地)为本底，其他景观要素镶嵌于这一本底，受外来干扰强烈，斑块间差异较小，景观破碎化程度高，自身生态系统的稳定性和抗胁迫能力降低，是未来土地利用类型间的转换与生态环境变化的敏感区；低山地貌区由于受人类土地利用活动干扰逐渐减弱，正逐步向自然状态过渡。

Response to the landscape pattern on the land use pattern under the different types of geomorphology

Geomorphology situation is a direct and key factor influencing the human consciousness of land use at the local level. The spatial pattern, formed from different land distributions, may reflect the impact of human activities on process and extent of ecological system at the landscape level, and the response to natural, social and economical condition. Thus, taking Qingmuguan town and Fenghuang town in Shapingba District, Chongqing City as a study area, this paper adopted the current land use database, remodified the classification of land use, and created eight landscape pattern maps relying on the spatial analysis and graphics processing of ArcGis8.3 and ArcView3.2 software. Individual landscape metrics were calculated by function of Fragstats for ArcView software. So, the response relationship between land use types and landscape pattern was discussed and explored. The results indicate that in the study region, different landscape elements possess distinct landscape characteristics in the homological geomorphology region. Simultaneity, the same landscape element forms different landscape patterns in the dissimilar geomorphology region. In middle hill areas, because of human intensive disturbance, there are few land use types and inconspicuous substratum of landscape class. But in low hill areas, paddy and dry land landscape element are the substratum of landscape class. Patches of diversified landscape class are inlaid them. Meanwhile patches possessed higher geometrical similarity high landscape fragment. Furthermore, there will be sensitive zone of ecological environmental changes and land use transformation in the future. Because of lower disturbance of human land use for landscape, it is transiting to proto-ecosystem gradually in low moutainous areas.