培养马氏珠母贝外套膜上皮细胞分泌物的分析

摘要： 利用本实验室建立的组织培养技术，成功地培养了马氏珠母贝（Pinctada martensii）外套膜组织，其上皮细胞能够保持旺盛的分泌功能。用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及X-射线能谱分析仪对上皮细胞分泌物观察。结果表明：培养的外套膜上皮细胞分泌的珍珠质是由碳酸钙结晶形成的片层叠加而成，其间有有机膜粘结；碳酸钙片层由扁平块构成；随着培养时间的延长，上皮细胞分泌的珍珠质数量不断增加，颗粒不断变大；最初形成的珍珠质中有机物成分较多，可能与珍珠质的核化有关。该研究为进一步探索体外培养珍珠，实现“试管珍珠”提供了实验依据。

Analysis of the Secreted Materials from Epithelial Cells Cultured on Mantle of Pearl Oyster (Pinctada martensii)

Abstract: Using the tissue culture technique, the mantle of the pearl oyster (Pinctada martensii ) in vitro was cultured.The epithelial cells migrated out from mantle kept activity and function of the secretion. The secreted materials (SMs) were studied by polarizing microscope and scanning electron microscope. After 4-day culturing， round epithelial cells changed in shape, and began to secrete fine granules. During culture, the epithelial cells secreted increasingly，and the SMs became large granules. The birefringence were show under the polarizing microscope. After 34-day culture, the SMs accumulated into a mass of granules, appearing strong birefringences, and some moving birefringences. The SMs progressively increased into laminary layers after 43-days culture. The SMs, secreted by the epithelial cells in vitro, were very similar with the nacrum of the pearls and pearl shells. The contents of SMs during culture were detected by X-ray microanalyser. The SMs contained 59.43% Ca, 33.03% S and 1.6% P on the 10th day culture. Ca element in the SMs increased significantly on the 20th and 34th day culture, 71.86% and 92.03% respectively. At 43th day culture, containing 44.25% Ca, 4.98% S and 14.61% P were examined in the SMs. Other elelments, such as Si, K and Cl were also detected in the SMs，but containing little. The SMs were formed laminary layers made by CaCO3 crystals under the scanning electron microscope, and sticked by organic membrane. Because of the primary nacrum with large amounts of sulfur, it was related to nucleation and growth of CaCO3 crystals. This researching could provide help in culturing pearls in vitro or tube-pearls.