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施氮量对花铃期短期渍水棉花叶片气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响
引用本文:郭文琦,刘瑞显,周治国,陈兵林.施氮量对花铃期短期渍水棉花叶片气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(2):362-369.
作者姓名:郭文琦  刘瑞显  周治国  陈兵林
作者单位:1.南京农业大学,农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室,江苏南京 210095
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金,农业部农业行业计划项目 
摘    要:试验于20052~006在南京农业大学卫岗试验站进行,采用盆栽方法,设置正常灌水(土壤相对含水量为75%±5%)和棉花花铃期短期渍水处理(将正常灌水的棉花增加灌水至盆内有可见明水,持续8 d,然后用导管排出表面水层,使盆内土壤相对含水量逐渐恢复到75%±5%),每个水分处理设置3个施氮水平(N 0、3.73、7.46 g/pot,分别相当于大田N 02、40、480 kg/hm2),研究施氮量对棉花叶片气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果表明,与正常灌水处理相比,渍水棉花的叶绿素(Chl)含量、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量和Chl/Car比值显著降低。渍水降低了棉花净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs),降低幅度随施氮水平的提高而增大;渍水结束时,渍水棉花的Pn和Gs均随施氮水平的提高而降低。渍水提高了棉花叶片叶绿素初始荧光(Fo)和非光化学猝灭系数(qN),降低了最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学猝灭系数(qP),Fo和qN的升高幅度与Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ和qP的降低幅度均随施氮水平的提高而增大。花铃期短期渍水显著降低了棉花生物量和籽棉产量,适量施氮(N 240kg/hm2)可提高渍水棉花的生物量和籽棉产量。

关 键 词:棉花    花铃期    短期渍水    施氮量    气体交换参数    叶绿素荧光参数
收稿时间:2009-02-25

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaf during the flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton under short-term waterlogging
GUO Wen-qi,LIU Rui-xian,ZHOU Zhi-guo,CHEN Bing-lin.Effects of nitrogen fertilization on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaf during the flowering and boll-forming stage of cotton under short-term waterlogging[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2010,16(2):362-369.
Authors:GUO Wen-qi  LIU Rui-xian  ZHOU Zhi-guo  CHEN Bing-lin
Institution:1.Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China,Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China
Abstract:The flowering and boll development stage is the key period for cotton yielding.Waterlogging during this stage inhibits cotton development and reduces final yield significantly.Nitrogen is considered to be an effective up-regulatory nutrient for crop growth.The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on the gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under a short-term waterlogging for about eight days.Pot experiments were conducted with three N levels,n...
Keywords:cotton  flowering and bell-forming stage  short-term waterlogging  nitrogen application  gas exchange pa-rameter  chlorophyll fluorescence parameter
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