不同冬小麦品种氮素吸收运转特性及其与子粒蛋白质含量的关系

选用济南17、鲁麦22、泰山021三个产量水平相近,品质不同的冬小麦品种,利用15N同位素示踪技术研究氮素吸收运转特性及其与子粒蛋白质含量的关系。结果表明,小麦植株一生所吸收的氮素,72.51%～73.57%来自土壤氮,26.43%～27.49%来自肥料氮;其中11.43%来自底施氮,15.60%来自追施氮。开花期肥料氮和土壤氮在济南17中的积累量最高,泰山021最低,鲁麦22介于其间。开花后营养器官中积累的氮素向子粒转移,对子粒氮素积累的贡献为叶片>茎+叶鞘>颖壳+穗轴,品种间比较,鲁麦22转移率最高,泰山021最低,济南17介于其间。基于以上生理原因,鲁麦22最终获得最高子粒蛋白质含量。

The absorption and translocation of nitrogen and their relationship to grain protein content in different winter wheat cultivars

Three winter wheat cultivars(named as Jinan 17,Lumai 22,and Taishan 021) with similar quantity of output and different quality were used to study the absorption,and translocation of nitrogen and their relationship to grain protein content in different winter wheat cultivars with(¹⁵N) tracing technique.The result showed that 26.43%—27.49% of the(nitrogen) absorbed by wheat was derived from fertilizer applied,among which about 15.70 % was from basal dressing fertilizer and 11.53% from topdressing fertilizer.The cumulant of nitrogen from fertilizer and soil in Jinan 17 was the highest at anthesis,while it was the lowest for Taishan 021.The cumulant of nitrogen was intermediate for Lumai 22.After anthesis,the nitrogen accumulated in vegetative organs was translocated to grain.The order of nitrogen contribution to grain nitrogen was leaves>stems+ sheaths>spike axis + kernel husks.The translocation ratio of Lumai 22 was the highest,whereas that of Taishan 021 was the lowest.Based on the physiological aspects,Lumai 22 acquired the highest grain protein content ultimately.