番茄果实品质和叶片保护酶对水肥水平的响应

通过3个土壤相对含水量（W1，50%～60%; W2，7～0%80%; W3，90%～100%）和3个施肥水平（F1，N 0.187 g/kg+ P2O5 0.131 g/kg; F2，N 0.267g/kg+ P2O5 0.187 g/kg; F3，N 0.347 g/kg+ P2O5 0.243 g/kg）共9个处理的盆栽试验，研究了番茄结果期果实品质、叶片保护酶及叶绿素含量的变化规律，旨在为番茄结果期合理的水肥管理提供理论依据。结果表明: 在整个结果期，W1F2处理有利于提高果实品质; W2F2处理下果实中的渗透物质（游离氨基酸）保持着较高水平，且叶片保护酶活性较高，丙二醛含量低; W2F3处理的叶片叶绿素含量保持较高水平，W2F2处理番茄果实单株产量高。相关分析表明: 果实品质与超氧化物歧化酶、叶绿素含量呈正相关，而与丙二醛含量呈负相关; 游离氨基酸含量与过氧化物酶活性、脯氨酸含量呈显著正相关，而与丙二醛含量呈显著负相关。综合分析，番茄结果期较优的水肥组合为N 0.267g/kg+P2O5 0.187g/kg和70%80%的土壤相对含水量。

Responses of fruit quality,leaf protective enzyme systems of tomato to soil water and fertilization

To explore the optimum soil water content and fertilizer amount during the fruiting stage of tomato, three soil water treatments (W1, 90%-100%; W2, 70%-80% and W3, 50%-60% of field capacity) and three fertilizer levels (F1, N0.187 g/kg+P₂O₅ 0.131 g/kg; F2, N 0.267 g/kg+P₂O₅ 0.187g/kg; F3, N 0.347 g/kg + P₂O₅ 0.243 g/kg) were set to study fruit quality, leaf protective enzyme system and chlorophyll content of potted tomato at the stage. The results show that in the whole fruiting stages, the fruit quality is improved under the W1F2 treatment, and the penetrant (as free amino acid) level in fruits and activities of leaf protecting enzymes are high under the W2F2 treatment, while the MDA content is low. Chlorophyll content of leaves is high under the W2F3, and tomato fruit yield per plant is higher under the W2F2. Correlation analysis indicates there are positive correlations between fruit quality and SOD activity and chlorophyll content at the fruiting stages, while there is a negative correlation between fruit quality and MDA content. There are significant positive correlations between free amino acid contents and SOD activity and Pro content, while there is a significant negative correlation of between free amino acid and MDA content. In general, combining N 0.267 g/kg, P₂O₅ 0.187 g/kg and 70%-80% soil relative water content is the optimum condition for tomato development during the fruiting stage.