土施和枝干涂抹 15N-尿素对氮素在甜樱桃树不同部位分配及利用的影响

大田条件下利用15N示踪技术，研究了土施和枝干涂抹15N-尿素对氮素在甜樱桃树不同部位分配及利用的影响。结果表明: 果实采收期测定两种不同施肥方式各器官的Ndff%存在差异，土壤施肥处理细根的Ndff%最高为2.36%; 枝干涂抹处理短梢的Ndff%最高为4.26%。土壤施肥处理粗根的15N分配率最高为22.23%，其次为短梢叶和果实; 枝干涂抹处理中心干皮部的15N分配率最高为26.14%，其次为中心干木质部和果实。两种不同施肥方式下植株营养器官和贮藏器官的15N分配率差异极显著。果实采收期测定枝干涂抹处理和土壤施肥处理的15N利用率分别为20.64%和14.74%。

Effect of 15N daubing and soil fertilizations on distribution and utilization of urea in different parts of sweet-cherry

The isotope ¹⁵N-urea is used to study the characteristics of ¹⁵N distribution and utilization of ‘Zaodaguo’ sweet-cherry by daubing on the trunks and applying in soil before sprout under the field condition. The results show that the Ndff% values of different organs under the fertilizations are different at the fruit harvest stage. Ndff% values of fine root are highest when applying in soil, reaching to 2.36%; while in the spur is highest when daubing on the trunks, reaching to 4.26%. The ¹⁵N-urea partition ratio of large root is highest when applying in soil, reaching to 22.23%, followed by leaves of spur and fruit; When daubing on the trunks, the ¹⁵N-urea partition ratio of cortex of trunk is highest reaching to 26.14%, followed by xylem of trunk and fruit. There was significantly difference of ¹⁵N-urea partition ratio of nutrition organs and storage organs between two fertilizer manners. Measured at fruit harvest stage, ¹⁵N utilization rate of daubing on the trunk and applying in soil were 20.64% and 14.74%, respectively.