不同抗性小麦品种与蚕豆间作条件下的养分吸收与白粉病发生特征

不同作物品种的养分吸收存在一定差异,与其它作物间作也会对作物养分吸收以及作物病害产生影响。本文通过盆栽试验,选用6种对白粉病不同抗性的小麦品种(高抗:云麦47、云麦53;中抗:云麦42、云麦51;感病:云选11-12、93-124)与蚕豆间作,研究了间作和单作条件下小麦的氮、磷、钾养分吸收特点及小麦白粉病的发生特征。结果表明:高抗小麦品种间作生物量显著高于单作,云麦47、云麦53间作比单作生物量分别提高11.9%和6.6%;间作显著增加小麦叶片内的氮含量,以高抗品种云麦47、云麦53和感病品种云选11-12增加最为显著,平均氮含量为单作的1.20～1.25倍;间作有增加小麦灌浆和成熟期叶片磷含量的趋势,并显著增加拔节期小麦叶片内的钾含量,增幅为9.1%～22.3%;间作降低了各抗性小麦品种白粉病的发生程度,相对防效为0.76%～81.49%;灌浆期以云麦42、云麦53和93-124 3个品种的间作处理控病效果显著。

Characteristics of nutrient uptakes and powdery mildew incidence of different resistant wheat cultivars intercropping with faba bean

Crop varieties are different in nutrient uptake, and nutrient uptake and disease incidence of crops are also influenced by intercropping. Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the characteristics of N, P and K uptake and powdery mildew incidence of different resistant wheat cultivars intercropping with faba bean. Six different powdery mildew resistant wheat cultivars(disease high resistant cultivars, YM47 and YM53; disease medium resistant cultivars, YM42 and YM51; sensitive cultivars, YX11-12 and 93-124)were intercropped with faba bean in this experiment. The results show that the biomasses of intercropped wheat cultivars with disease high resistant are significantly increased, the biomasses of YM47 and YM53 are increased by 11.9% and 6.6% in comparison with those of monocropping. Nitrogen contents of leaves of intercropped wheat cultivars with disease high resistant(YM47 and YM53)and sensitive(YX11-12)significantly are increased by 1.20-1.25 times in comparison with those of monocropping. The phosphous contents of wheat leaves are increased at the milky and ripening stages, and potassium content of wheat leaves significantly is increased by 9.1%-22.3% at the jointing stage under the intercropping. The incidences of wheat powdery mildew of all wheat cultivars are significantly decreased under the intercropping, the relative disease controlling effects are 0.76%-81.49%. The best disease controlling effects under the intercropping are observed on YM42, YM53 and YM93-142 at the milky stage.