“精准农业”及其在我国的应用前景

精准农业（PrecisionAgriculture）是近年来国际上农业科学研究的热点领域，其含义是按田间每一操作单元的具体条件，精细准确地调整各项土壤和作物管理措施，最大限度地优化使用各项农业投入，以获取最高产量和最大经济效益，同时保护农业生态环境，保护土地等农业自然资源。精准农业是在信息科学发展的基础上，以地理信息系统（GIS）、全球卫星定位系统（GPS）、遥感技术（RS）和计算机自动控制系统为核心技术引发的一场新农业技术革命，将对我国农业技术的发展产生重大影响。因此，应在充分了解国际精准农业发展的理论基础和技术原则的基础上，结合我国具体情况，从养分管理和施肥技术入手，研究发展适合我国国情的精准农业技术体系。

PRECISION AGRICULTURE AND ITS PERSPECTIVE IN CHINA

Precision agriculture (or precision farming), one of the frontier fields in agrlcuiture, is developed to adjust the crop and /or soil management practices more precisely based on the soil and crop conditions of each operation unit (site) in the field, to maxlmize the profit of agricultural input materials, such as fertilizer, herbicide,pesticlde. etc., and to prevent land resotiree and environment. The key technologles used in the precision agriculture include geographic information system(GIS), global position system(GPS), remote sensing (Rs) and variable tate techriology. The principle arid related technology was reviewed in this paper, and suggestions for future developmerit of preclslon agriculture in china were provided.