不同种类有机肥碳、 氮矿化特性研究

本文采用室内培养法研究了陕西关中地区日光温室栽培生产中9个不同有机肥的碳、氮矿化特性。结果表明:不同有机肥碳、氮的矿化量和矿化率（矿化量占总有机碳或氮的比例）的动态变化存在明显差异,其中碳矿化率在22.24%～87.16%之间,变异系数达90.30 %;氮矿化率在29.07%～84.87%之间,变异系数达67.37 %;不同类型有机肥相比,鸡粪平均的碳、氮矿化累积量及矿化率显著高于猪粪和牛粪;猪粪与牛粪平均的碳、氮矿化累积量及矿化率无显著差异。同一种类有机肥,培养期间其碳、氮矿化累积量及矿化率也存在明显差异。供试有机肥碳、氮的矿化量与有机肥全氮含量均呈线性关系,表明有机肥氮含量是影响矿化量的主导因子。

Carbon and nitrogen mineralization characteristics of different types of organic manures

The incubation experiment was used to study carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) mineralization characteristics of 9 organic manures sampled from the bases of sunlight greenhouses in Guanzhong district,Shaanxi Province.The results show that there are significant differences in the C and N mineralization and their mineralization rates(the ratio of C or N mineralization to total organic C or total organic N) among the different manures.The range of C mineralization rates of different manures is from 22.24% to 87.16%,with CV(coefficient of variation) of 90.30%,and the range of N mineralization rates of different manures is from 29.07% to 84.87%,with CV of 67.36%.The mean amounts of C and N mineralization,and mineralization rates of chicken manure are significantly higher than those of pig and cattle manures,and there is no difference between pig and cattle manures.For a same type of organic manure,there are also significant differences in the C and N mineralization and mineralization rates among the manures collected from different places.The amounts of C and N mineralization of organic manure are linearly related with their total N contents,indicating that the N content of organic manure is the key factor affecting the mineralization of C and N from manures.