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长期定位施肥对碱性紫色土磷素迁移与累积的影响
引用本文:秦鱼生,涂仕华,孙锡发,冯文强,廖鸣兰.长期定位施肥对碱性紫色土磷素迁移与累积的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(5):880-885.
作者姓名:秦鱼生  涂仕华  孙锡发  冯文强  廖鸣兰
作者单位:1.四川农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划,四川省科技攻关项目
摘    要:在25年稻麦轮作长期定位施肥试验点上,开展了碱性紫色土水旱轮作种植制不同施肥处理土壤剖面全磷、速效磷迁移和累积以及耕层土壤全磷、速效磷随时间的变化规律研究。结果表明,单施无机磷肥土壤磷可迁移至100 cm土层,Olsen-P可迁移至40 cm土层。有机无机磷肥配施不但使土壤磷可迁移至相同深度,且迁移量更大,Olsen-P可迁移至60 cm土层。耕作25年后,施磷处理土壤耕层磷素随时间的变化显著,MNPK处理耕层土壤全磷含量年增长率为0.033 g/kg,Olsen-P的年增长率为2.56 mg/kg。试验表明,连续数年施用足量磷肥后,作物施磷量可根据具体情况酌减,以节约磷肥资源和提高磷肥利用率;施用有机肥促进了磷素从耕层向底层的迁移,是造成土壤磷素迁移的一个重要因素。

关 键 词:长期定位施肥    碱性紫色土    磷的迁移    磷的累积
收稿时间:2007-9-6

Transfer and accumulation of phosphorus in the calcareous purple soil in a long-term fertilizer experiment
QIN Yu-sheng,TU Shi-hua,SUN Xi-fa,FENG Wen-qiang,LIAO Ming-lan.Transfer and accumulation of phosphorus in the calcareous purple soil in a long-term fertilizer experiment[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2008,14(5):880-885.
Authors:QIN Yu-sheng  TU Shi-hua  SUN Xi-fa  FENG Wen-qiang  LIAO Ming-lan
Institution:1.Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,610066,China
Abstract:Experiments of transport and accumulation of phosphorus in soils was conducted in order to find effective ways to manage and control phosphorus and non-point pollution in crop fields. Different fertilizations were treated in calcareous purple soils in a 25-year rice-wheat rotation field. Factors, such as total phosphours in the soil profile, transport and accumulation of Olsen phosphours (Olsen p), and patterns change over time, were studied. Results showed in the soil, phosphorus was detected at 100 cm, and Olsen p was at 40 cm down to the ground. The application of organic or inorganic P not only increase the depth of P detected in the ground, but also the quantity of P measured in the ground. Meanwhile, Olsen-p was also detected at 60 cm down to the ground with the application of organic or inorganic P treatment. After 25 years treatment, the annual accumulation rate in the plough layer was measured as 0.033 g/kg for total P, and 2.56 mg/kg for Olsen-P for the MNPK treatment. The result suggests that P application rates should be reduced accordingly in order to save the amount of phosphate fertilizer used and to increase the efficiency in the crop field.
Keywords:long-term fertilizer experiment  calcareous purple soil  phosphorus transfer  phosphorus accumulation
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