利用烟田套作调控高肥力土壤烤烟生产

在高肥力土壤上,研究烟草套种不同作物,筛选出适宜的套作模式,以达到降低烟草后期养分供应,解决后期烟叶贪青,促进烟叶正常成熟。试验结果表明,与烤烟单作相比,烟田套种白菜、马铃薯和黑麦草在烟草不同生育期能显著降低土壤NO3--N和NH4+-N含量;其它养分含量也都有不同程度的降低。不同套种处理对烟叶产量的影响不显著;除套莱豌豆外,套种白菜、马铃薯及黑麦草能改善烟叶化学成分的协调性,提高烟叶的评吸质量,使烟草产值比单作烟草提高13.73％-33.20％。

Regulating the growth of flue-cured tobacco by interplanting in fertility soil

Because of the oversupply of nitrogen in high-fertility soil, the flue-cured tobacco couldn't mature promptly which caused the decrease of quality of flue-cured tobacco. The effects of different interplanting patterns on nitrogen absorption for flue-cured tobacco were studied in this paper. The forage, cabbage or potato were selected to interplant with tobacco to reduce the nitrogen absorption of tobacco because the competitive relationship among different crops. The inter plant crops decreased the supply of nitrogen to tobacco at later stage and stimulated the leaf's maturity. At four stages of tabacco, which were budding, lower leaf maturity, middle leaf maturity and upper leaf maturity stage separately, NO₃^--N content was lower in the selected patternstobacco interplanting with forage, cabbage and potato (1.15mg/kg-3.47 mg/kg) than that of no interplanting. However, NO₃^--N content of tobacco-vegetable bean pattern (2.29 mg/kg-4.32 mg/kg) is higher than that of tobacco interplanting with vegetable bean] than that of no interplanting. The effects of different interplanting patterns on NH₄⁺-N were similar to that of NO₃^--N. The effects of interplanting on organic matter was not significant at the four stages; however the content of Ca,Mg,K,P,S,B, Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn decreased to varying ranges. In addition, interplanting decreased soil water content by 3.24%-7.35% .The effect of interplanting on yield of tobacco was not significant, but extremely significant on its output. Interplanting with cabbage, potato and forage, the yield of tobacco increased 33.20% , 13.73% and 32.32% , respectively, while interplanting with vegetable bean, the yield decreased 11.86 % . We concluded that interplanting patterns except interplanting with vegetable bean could balance chemical compositions in tobacco and enhance evaluating scores of tobacco leaf.