不同磷肥水平对大豆磷营养状况和产量品质性状的影响

本试验选用近年来黑龙江省推广面积较大并具有代表性的3个基因型大豆品种作为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,利用钼锑抗比色法测定了大豆生育期各器官磷素含量,并测定了单株产量及成熟子粒蛋白质和脂肪含量,结果表明:施磷量对不同大豆品种植株及各器官磷素含量有较大影响;不同品种不同处理全株及各器官磷素含量从分枝期逐渐增加,开花期达到高峰,随后下降至成熟期;同一品种不同处理间高蛋白品种和中间型品种是P150处理全株磷积累量最高,高油品种是P225处理全株磷素积累最高;生育期内只有适宜施磷才能促进磷素含量达到最高峰;同一处理不同品种间是高油品种磷素积累量大于中间型品种和高蛋白品种,说明高油品种需磷量多于中间型品种和高蛋白品种。高蛋白品种和中间型品种P150处理单株产量和子粒蛋白质含量最高,高油品种P75处理单株产量和子粒蛋白质含量最高。3个品种脂肪含量均以P225处理最高。

Effect of phosphorus levels on soybean phosphorus nutrition, yield and quality

Three genotypes of soybean varieties,which were widely distributed in Heilongjiang Province,were selected to detect the effect of P fertilization on the phosphorus nutrition status of soybean organs during different growing stages,soybean yields,and the protein and fat contents in seeds.The results showed that P fertilization significantly affected the P contents in plant and its distribution.Overall,the phosphorus contents of whole plant and each organ gradually increased from branching to flowering stage and reached peak,and then it decreased till ripening stage;For the same variety under different P treatment,the highest P accumulated by crop were appeared in P₁₅₀ treatment for HPV(High protein variety) and MV(Middle variety) and P₂₂₅ for HOV(High oil variety),indicating that the proper amount of P application can accelerate the phosphorus uptake. In different varieties under the same level of P,The P accumulated was higher in HOV than in HPV and MV,indicating that the P requirement was larger for HOV that HPV and MV.The highest yield per plant and protein content in seed reached the highest values in P₁₅₀ treatment for HPV and MV,and in P₇₅ treatment for HOV.For all three genotypes,the fat contents reached peak in P₂₂₅ treatment.