半干旱区长期施肥对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响

本文通过１５年的定位试验，研究了等氮等磷条件下不同肥料种类对作物产量及土壤养分供应能力的影响。结果表明:１、施用化肥与施用各种有机肥处理间产量差异不显著，但以施用化肥处理产量最高，全年产量为６５０８.５ｋｇ／ｈｍ2；２、各施肥处理均不同程度地促进了土壤全量养分和速效养分的增加；３、高碳类有机肥对土壤有机无机复合状况及腐殖质结合形态有较好的效果；４、对土壤酶活性影响较大，尤其是提高了土壤中蔗糖酶和脲酶的活性，绿肥表现最佳；５、对土壤水分类型及孔隙组成也有一定的影响，提高了土壤水分含量，改善了土壤物理性状；６、增加了土壤团聚体的含量，促进了微团聚体的形成，提高了团聚度和团聚水平

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION ON CROP YIELD AND SOIL FERTILITY IN SEMI-ARID AREA

A 15 years long term experiment with four kinds of manure (crop residue, soybean cake, false indigo leaves, chemical fertilizers and check) under equal quantities of N、P nutrients were conducted at the Experimental Farm of Dryland Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences since 1979 The crop rotation was winter wheat and summer corn The effect of these fertilizers on winter wheat corn yields and soil fertility were studied The results showed: 1 There were no significant difference on crop yield among the fertilizer application treatments, the highest yield was annually 6508 5 kg/hm 2 with the chemical fertilizer application; 2 Total and available soil nutrients increased with all fertilizer application; 3 The manure with high carbon contain had better results in organic inorganic complexity and soil humus united pattern; 4 All soil active enzyme increased The sugarcane and urea enzyme increased more, and green manure had better effect; 5 Soil moisture and soil physical properties were improved