稻草还田对油菜生长、土壤温度及湿度的影响

采用盆栽和田间试验相结合的方法，研究了不同稻草还田方式及还田量对油菜出苗及苗情和不同稻草覆盖量对油菜生长、养分吸收、产量及土壤水热状况的影响。盆栽试验结果表明，稻草覆盖和翻埋还田对油菜出苗均有抑制作用，出苗率及出苗速率随稻草还田量的增加均有降低趋势，但覆盖条件下油菜出苗所受抑制更加明显。稻草覆盖还田对油菜苗情影响不大，而稻草翻埋还田则对苗期油菜生长有明显的抑制作用。大田试验结果表明，稻草覆盖可以显著提高油菜苗期干物质积累及氮、磷、钾养分吸收的速率，但进入薹期之后油菜生长基本不受稻草覆盖的影响。稻草覆盖对油菜有显著的增产效果，平均增产幅度为18.1%，但不同覆盖量之间差异不显著。另外，稻草覆盖后，土壤温度日变化趋于缓和，土壤含水率明显提高，且随覆盖量增加稻草的保温保水效果更为明显。

Influence of straw-returning on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growth, soil temperature and moisture

This research consisted of a pot and a field experiment.The effects of different straw-returning methods and straw-returning rates on emergence and growth at seedling stage of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) were studied using the pot experiment,while the growth,nutrients absorption and yield of rapeseed and the condition of soil temperature and moisture under different straw-mulching rates were studied by the field experiment.The results of the pot experiment showed that both mulching and turnover inhibited th...