首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      

不同施肥管理对东北黑土区氮损失的影响
引用本文:焉莉,王寅,冯国忠,杜晓晴,刘烁然,操梦颖,高强.不同施肥管理对东北黑土区氮损失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(9):1816-1823.
作者姓名:焉莉  王寅  冯国忠  杜晓晴  刘烁然  操梦颖  高强
作者单位:吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春 130118
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC09B01);公益性行业(农业)专项(201103003);国家级大学生创业创新项目(201610193013)
摘    要:为了明确不同施肥管理的肥料利用率及其氮损失对环境的影响,采用自然降雨条件下土槽模拟试验方法,系统研究了在东北黑土玉米单作体系下不同施肥管理(尿素、秸秆还田和缓控释肥)在一次性施用条件下的农田氨挥发、氮径流淋溶损失及土壤硝态氮累积特性。结果表明:农民习惯施肥、秸秆还田施肥及控释肥氨挥发总量分别为26.1、24.2、23.9 kg N·hm-2,占化肥施用量的10.9%、10.1%、10.0%;氮径流淋溶损失分别占化肥施用量的1.4%、1.5%、0.9%,且以氮径流损失为主;土壤0~50 cm土层氮残留分别为42.2、42.3、54.6 kg N·hm-2。秸秆还田处理可以在保证产量的前提下,减少土壤氮残留、提高肥料利用率;控释肥在降雨量少的条件下氮残留相对较高,应适当降低施氮量。

关 键 词:黑土  秸秆还田  控释肥  氮损失
收稿时间:2016/3/28 0:00:00

Effect of different fertilization management on nitrogen loss in black soils in Northeast China
YAN Li,WANG Yin,FENG Guo-zhong,DU Xiao-qing,LIU Shuo-ran,CAO Meng-ying and GAO Qiang.Effect of different fertilization management on nitrogen loss in black soils in Northeast China[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2016,35(9):1816-1823.
Authors:YAN Li  WANG Yin  FENG Guo-zhong  DU Xiao-qing  LIU Shuo-ran  CAO Meng-ying and GAO Qiang
Institution:Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China and Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Soil Resources in the Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resource & Environmental Science in Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
Abstract:In this research, the effect of different fertilization(urea, straw returning and controlled release fertilizer) in a one-time application on ammonia volatilization, nitrogen loss by runoff and leaching, and nitrogen residue on black soils was studied by soil box simulation method in order to know the nitrogen loss effect on environment and nitrogen use efficiency of different fertilization management. The results showed that ammonia volatilization accumulation amount of farmer conventional fertilization, straw returning fertilizer and controlled release fertilizer were 26.1 kg N·hm-2, 24.2 kg N·hm-2 and 23.9 kg N·hm-2, the fertilizer loss rate was 10.9%, 10.1% and 10.0%, respectively; nitrogen loss by runoff and leaching was accounted for 1.4%,1.5% and 0.9% of nitrogen application rate, in which the nitrogen loss by runoff was the main form. Inorganic nitrogen residue in 0~50 cm soil layer of farmer conventional fertilization, straw returning fertilizer and controlled release fertilizer were 42.2 kg N·hm-2, 42.3 kg N·hm-2 and 54.6 kg N·hm-2, respectively. Straw returning could reduce the nitrogen residue on soils, as well as maintaining yield and increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency; controlled release fertilization should decrease the nitrogen rate in less rainfall year due to higher risk of nitrate accumulation in soils.
Keywords:black soils  straw returning  controlled release fertilizer  nitrogen loss
本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录!
点击此处可从《农业环境科学学报》浏览原始摘要信息
点击此处可从《农业环境科学学报》下载免费的PDF全文
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号