间作对油菜和紫云英生长及产量的影响

为使用地与养地相结合，在保持油菜不减产的同时，建立合理的油菜/紫云英间作技术体系。采用大田试验，研究了紫云英(Astragalus sinicus L.)与不同密度油菜(Brassica napus L.)间作对二者生长和产量的影响。结果表明：紫云英与密度为20~40万株/hm2油菜按2:1带型间作(即1m宽带内播种两行油菜，1行紫云英)，间作油菜各处理不同生育期氮磷钾和碳的养分累积量均有高于或接近于油菜单作(MR)的趋势，间作油菜株高、根长、根颈粗、单株鲜重和产量接近于或显著高于密度为30万株/hm2的单作油菜。在保持油菜产量不显著降低的同时，间作模式可以收获3 592~5 724kg/hm2的紫云英绿肥。紫云英与不同密度油菜间作均表现土地资源利用优势(LER>1)。

Effects of intercropping on growth and yield of rape and Chinese milk vetch

Abstract: For sustainable land use and higher revenue on both green manure and oil seed rape (Brassica napus L.), a practical rape/Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) intercropping system was to be established without affecting yields of rapeseed. Effects of the intercropping (planting two lines of rape with one line of Chinese milk vetch within one meter width) under different planting densities (from 200 000 to 400 000 plants per hectare) of rapeseed were investigated on rape growth and yield in field. Results showed that the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and carbon in rape were close to mono-cropping rape (MR, at the density of 300 000 plants per hectare) or higher. The plant height, root length, root crown diameter, weight per plant and yield were similar to MR or significantly higher. About 3 592 to 5 724 kg per hectare of green manures were harvested when rape yield maintained at the MR level. Thus, the system showed clear advantage of land resources with LER (land equivalent ratio) more than 1.
Key words: Rape; Chinese milk vetch; Intercropping; Growth and development; Land equivalent ratio; Yield