近40年来沧州地区水资源的气候特征

利用沧州地区6个站点1970-2004年的平均气温及降水量资料,分析沧州地区水资源的气候特征.初步得出:自1985年发生由冷到暖的突变以来,本地区气温呈上升趋势.降水量、蒸发量和可利用降水资源量季节分布和逐月分布一致,夏季降水最为丰富,秋季次之,春季和冬季最少;而蒸发量每年1月最少,7月最大.但降水量和可利用降水资源量年际间变幅很大,且呈减少趋势,蒸发量变幅没有降水量变幅大,且年际间相对稳定.

Climatic Characteristics Affecting Water Resources in Cangzhou Prefecture since Recent 40 Years

In this paper,the climatic characteristics affecting water resources in Cangzhou Prefecture,Hebei Province,are analyzed using the average temperature and precipitation data observed by 6 meteorological stations in the prefecture during the period from 1970 to 2004.The results are as follows:(1) Temperature in Cangzhou Prefecture has increased since 1985;(2) The seasonal distribution of precipitation,evaporation and available water resources accords with the monthly one,that is the precipitation,evaporation and the available water resources are the highest in summer,then in autumn,and they are the least in spring and winter.Thus,flood and waterlog disasters occur easily in summer,and drought occurs easily in spring;(3) Interannual variability of precipitation and available water resources is significant,the precipitation and available water resources are in a decrease trend,especially the annual precipitation was in a decrease trend in the 1970s,1980s and 1990s,and the interannual change of evaporation is lower than that of precipitation;(4) Temperature increase and precipitation reduction impact directly the water consumption for agricultural irrigation,thus the shortage of water resources in the prefecture becomes more serious.Therefore,it is suggested to develop water-saving farming so as to achieve the stable and sustainable development of agriculture in the prefecture.