Overcoming pre-fertilization barriers in the wide cross between Chrysanthemumgrandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura and C. nankingense (Nakai) Tzvel. by using special pollination techniques |
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Authors: | Chun-Qing Sun Zhi-Zhe Huang Yan-Li Wang Fa-Di Chen Nian-Jun Teng Wei-Min Fang and Zhao-Lei Liu |
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Institution: | (1) College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China;(2) Zhenjiang Agricultural Research Institute, Jurong, 212400, Jiangsu, China; |
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Abstract: | In our earlier study, pre-fertilization barrier was one of the main factors causing the failure of the wide hybridization
between Chrysanthemum grandiflorum ‘Yuhuaxingchen’ and C. nankingense, and seriously restricted the utilization of the excellent chrysanthemum germplasm, C. nankingense. In order to overcome the pre-fertilization barrier and obtain some hybrids, we carried out wide hybridization between them
again in this study, and tentatively adopted three pollination techniques including mentor pollen, delayed pollination, and
gibberellic acid treatment. The average number of pollen grains germinating on stigma at 24 h after pollination and the percentage
of embryo were investigated with a temporary mount method and the technique of fluorescence microscopy. It was found that,
compared with the control, delayed pollination, gibberellic acid treatment, and mentor pollen significantly increased the
average number of pollen grains germinating on each stigma at 24 h after pollination by approximately 152, 235, and 182%,
respectively. In addition, all the three pollination techniques significantly increased the percentage of normal embryos at
different periods after artificial pollination in comparison to the control. Furthermore, seed sets of the crosses using the
three special pollination techniques were 1.1, 1.4, and 2.0%, respectively, whereas we did not obtained any seeds in the control.
Taken together, these results suggest that delayed pollination, gibberellic acid treatment, and mentor pollen are three useful
pollination techniques for overcoming pre-fertilization barriers and increasing seed set in the wide hybridization between
C. grandiflorum ‘Yuhuaxingchen’ and C. nankingense, and they may be widely applied for increasing breeding efficiency in other chrysanthemum wide hybridization facing similar
pre-fertilization barriers. |
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