基于植物学性状分析籽用南瓜的形态多样性

为了加快籽用南瓜的品种改良和选育进程,为籽用南瓜育种提供更多优良亲本选择,基于形态学标记对38份籽用南瓜种质进行遗传多样性分析,得出籽用南瓜材料50个植物学性状间的相关性及供试材料间的亲缘关系。结果表明,38份籽用南瓜种质植物学性状的变异系数范围为8.52%~86.29%,遗传多样性丰富;利用DPS 11.5软件对供试籽用南瓜材料的植物学性状数据进行R型聚类分析,在欧氏距离为8.66时,可将50个形态学性状分为三大类;进行系统聚类分析得出,在欧氏距离为10.38时,可将38份籽用南瓜材料分成四大类,可完全将38份材料区分开来;主成分分析结果得出,38份籽用南瓜种质资源可分成五大类,与形态学系统聚类所得结果基本一致。综合所有遗传参数得出,瓜形指数、瓜面蜡粉、老瓜瓜面斑纹、瓜瘤多少、老瓜皮色5个性状是籽用南瓜遗传多样性的代表性状;种子千粒重、老瓜肉厚和老瓜内腔纵径可作为评价籽用南瓜品种的综合性指标。

Analysis of Morphological Diversity Based on Botanical Traits in Seed-Used Pumpkin Germplasms

To speed up the process of variety improvement and breeding and to provide an excellent parental selection of seed-used pumpkin breeding, genetic diversity of 38 seed-used pumpkin germplasms was analyzed based on morphological markers. Correlation between the 50 botanical traits of seed squash material and the genetic relationship among the test materials were obtained. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the botanical traits in seed-used pumpkins ranged from 8.52% to 86.29%, reflecting the richness of the genetic diversity of the botanical traits of the seed-used pumpkin. The data of botanical traits from 38 seed-used pumpkin materials were analyzed by DPS version 11.5 software using R-type cluster analysis. At the Euclidean distance of 8.66, 50 morphological traits could be divided into three categories. Systematic clustering analysis showed that 38 seeds pumpkin materials could be divided into four categories and 38 materials were completely separated when Euclidean distance was 10.38. According to the principal component analysis, 38 germplasm resources for seed pumpkin were divided into five categories, which were basically consistent with the clustering results obtained by morphological systems. Based on all genetic parameters, the representative traits of the genetic diversity of seed-used pumpkin were fruit-shaped index, fruit surface wax, old fruit surface markings, number of fruit surface tumors and old fruit color. 1000-seed weight fruit flesh thickness, and fruit-cavity longitudinal diameter could be used as a comprehensive index to evaluate seed-used pumpkin varieties.