贵州喀斯特山区稻田养殖建鲤肌肉营养成分分析与健康评价

该研究分析了稻田养殖建鲤的肌肉营养成分,旨在了解建鲤在贵州省稻田养殖条件下的营养特点。试验采用常规营养成分分析方法测定了稻田养殖建鲤肌肉中的营养。结果表明:稻田养殖建鲤肌肉中水分含量为76.58%±0.31%,粗灰分含量2.20%±0.03%,粗脂肪含量为2.39%±0.06%,粗蛋白含量为21.02%±0.21%。稻田养殖建鲤肌肉中检测出18种氨基酸,总量为83.47%±1.17%,其中8种必需氨基酸占比34.29%±0.11%,非必需氨基酸占49.18%±0.23%,鲜味氨基酸占31.29%±0.64%,必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸比值为69.12%,均符合FAO/WHO的评价标准;必需氨基酸指数为76.40%。稻田养殖建鲤肌肉中共检测出21种脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)分别占脂肪酸总量的30.65%、37.51%、31.87%;∑SFA:∑MUFA∶∑PUFA比例为1∶1.22∶1.04,ΣPUFA n-6∶ΣPUFA n-3为1.38。综上所述,相对于其他常见稻田养殖品种,稻田养殖的建鲤营养成分均衡,以期为稻田养殖建鲤以及居民日常膳食提供参考。

Analysis of muscular nutritional components and health evaluation of Cyprinus carpio var. jian Paddy-cultured in karst mountainous area of Guizhou

The muscle nutritional composition of C. carpio var. jian cultured in paddy field of Guizhouwas analyzed in the experiment so as to explore its muscle nutritional characteristics. The composition of nutrition of muscle in C. carpio var. jian cultured in paddy field was determined by general nutritional analysis method. The re sults showed that the moisture, crude protein, crude lipidand ash contents was 76.58% ±0.31%, 21.02% ±0.21%, 2.39%±0.06% and 2.20%±0.03%, respectively, in the muscle of C. carpio var. jian cultured in paddy field. There were 18 amino acids in muscle andthe total content of 18 amino acids was 83.47%±1.17%, in which the contents of 8 essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and delicious amino acids were 34.29%±0.11%,49.18%±0.23% and 31.29%±0.64%, respectively, and EAA/NEAA were 69.12%, which reached in the FAO/WHO evaluation standards. The essential amino acid index(EAAI) was 76.40%. The muscle was abundant with21 kinds of fatty acid, in which the saturated fatty acids accounted for 30.65%, the monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for 37.51%, the polyunsaturated fatty acids accounted for 31.87%. The ∑SFA∶∑MUFA∶∑PUFA was1∶1.22∶1.04 and the ratio of ΣPUFA n-6 and ΣPUFA n-3 was 1.38. Compared with some other aquatic varieties under paddy-cultured, C. carpio var. jian had a balanced nutritional composition. The above results were intended to provide a reference for C.carpiovar, jian in paddy-cultured the daily diet of residents.