花生抗网斑病品种筛选及抗病性与产量损失的关系

花生茎点霉（Phoma arachidicola Marasas Pauer & Boerema）引起的花生网斑病在生产上普遍流行、危害严重，2018-2019年通过2年的田间接种试验对国内65份花生种质资源网斑病抗性进行测评。以采自山东莱西的病原菌菌株Wb2制备105/mL的孢子悬浮液喷洒于花生叶片表面进行接种，对照区喷施50%咯菌腈WP防治花生网斑病菌。结果表明，65份种质中，抗病（resistant，R）资源8份，占鉴定资源总数的12.3%；中度抗病（moderately resistant，MR）资源9份，占比13.8%；感病（susceptible，S）资源37份，占比56.9%；高度感病（high susceptible，HS）资源11份，占比16.9%。测定抗病性不同资源产量损失差异，结果表明，花生网斑病菌对花生产量影响显著，产量损失率随抗病性的降低而升高。本研究为花生抗网斑病育种提供抗源材料，并为病害产量损失评估提供理论依据。

Evaluation of peanut accessions resistance against Phoma arachidicola and relationship between disease-resistance and yield loss

Peanut web blotch caused by Phoma arachidicola is a serious constraint in peanut production. A two-year field experiment was carried out to evaluate the resistance of 65 domestic peanut germplasms to P. arachidicola in 2018-2019. A 105/mL spore suspension was prepared from Wb2, a pathogenic strain of P. arachidicola collected from Laixi, Shandong Province, and sprayed on the surface of leaves for inoculation. The control area was sprayed with 50% fludioxonil WP for control of peanut web blotch. The result showed that, 8 accessions were resistant (R), accounting for 12.3%, 9 accessions were moderate resistant (MR), accounting for 13.8%, 37 accessions were susceptibility (S), accounting for 56.9%, and 11 accessions were high susceptibility (HS), accounting for 16.9%. The yield loss of accessions with different resistance was determined, and the results showed that the effect of Phoma arachidicola on peanut yield was significant, the yield loss rate increased with the decrease of disease resistance. This study provides resistant materials for peanut resistant breeding and provides a theoretical basis for yield loss assessment.