春性甘蓝型油菜EMS突变体库的构建与筛选

创制突变体库是甘蓝型油菜品种选育和重要性状遗传解析的重要基础。春性甘蓝型油菜开花不需漫长的春化过程，生育期短，在创制突变体库方面具有独特优势。本研究采用甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变春性油菜862种子，以构建春性油菜EMS诱变突变体资源库。通过比较8种不同浓度EMS（0~1.4%，间隔0.2%）对发芽率的影响，最终确定使用0.8%的EMS作为最佳处理浓度，发芽率为37.2%。田间种植筛选与表型统计初步鉴定了M2代1823个单株的形态学性状，突变频率为3.91%，主要包括叶色、叶形、株高、株型、角果长短、种粒大小、种皮颜色、种子含油量以及其它性状变异等，突变类型十分丰富。该突变体库的构建为油菜功能基因组学研究和分子育种提供表型多样的种质资源。

Construction and phenotypic analysis of EMS-treated mutant library in spring Brassica napus L.

Creation of spring rapeseed mutant library is expected to be used in variety improvement and functional genomic research. Spring Brassica napus does not need a long vernalization process for flowering and has a short growth period, which makes it very promising for the creation of mutant banks in rapeseed. In this study, ethyl methanesulfonate （EMS） was used to mutate the seeds of spring rapeseed 862 to construct an EMS mutant library. By comparing the effects of 8 different concentrations of EMS （0-1.4%） on seeds germination rate, 0.8% EMS, which resulted in 37.2% germination rate, was used as the application concentration. Through field screening and phenotypic statistics, the morphological characteristics of 1823 individual plants in M2 generation were identified. The total mutation frequency was 3.91%. The mutant phenotypes mainly include leaf color, leaf shape, plant height, plant type, silique length, seed size, seed coat color, and seed oil content. The construction of this mutant library provided a variety of phenotypic germplasm resources for functional genomics research and molecular breeding in rapeseed.