黄土高原不同耕作方式对土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响

黄土高原属干旱、半干旱雨养农业区,过去以传统耕作方式为主。作物秸秆不还田以及对耕地直接进行翻耕,导致耕地表土裸露,因而加快了土壤有机质的矿化速率。土壤侵蚀、土壤养分流失、耕地质量下降,为此,以保护环境、提高水肥资源高效利用和实现农业可持续发展为目的保护性耕作在该地区逐渐展开。比较分析深松、免耕、传统翻耕等不同耕作方式对土壤理化性质、作物产量的影响,以期为该区域创建合理有效的耕作方式提供理论指导。

Effects of Different Tillage Methods on Soil Physical-chemical Properties and Crop Yield in Loess Plateau

The Loess Plateau is an arid and semi-arid rain-fed agricultural area.In the past,the traditional tillage methods were the main ones.Crop straws were not returned and the arable lands were directly ploughed,which caused the top soil to expose and accelerated the mineralization of soil organic matter.Soil erosion and nutrient loss were increased,and the quality of cultivated land was declined.Therefore,conservation tillage methods have been gradually taken in this region in order to protect the environment,improve the efficiency of water and fertilizer use and achieve sustainable development of agriculture.In this paper,we analyzed the effect of different tillage methods such as subsoiling tillage,no-tillage and conventional tillage on soil physical,chemical properties and crop yield,and some theoretical guidances were provided to establish reasonable tillage methods.