Genome streamlining in a cosmopolitan oceanic bacterium |
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Authors: | Giovannoni Stephen J Tripp H James Givan Scott Podar Mircea Vergin Kevin L Baptista Damon Bibbs Lisa Eads Jonathan Richardson Toby H Noordewier Michiel Rappé Michael S Short Jay M Carrington James C Mathur Eric J |
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Institution: | Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. steve.giovannoni@oregonstate.edu |
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Abstract: | The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine alpha-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of predicted open reading frames known for a free-living microorganism. In contrast to parasitic bacteria and archaea with small genomes, P. ubique has complete biosynthetic pathways for all 20 amino acids and all but a few cofactors. P. ubique has no pseudogenes, introns, transposons, extrachromosomal elements, or inteins; few paralogs; and the shortest intergenic spacers yet observed for any cell. |
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