镇康县森林资源特征研究

2008年3月至2009年6月，在镇康县共完成253050 hm2土地面积的区划调查、706个角规样地的测设及各项分析工作。采用1︰25000卫星影像图作为调查用图，现地区划小班并调查记载小班各项因子；采用GPS定位样地，角规控制检尺方法进行样地蓄积量调查。在ArcGIS软件支持下，矢量化小班区划调查成果，采用“云南省县级森林资源管理信息系统”软件录入小班各项调查因子和统计森林资源，根据录入的数据库制作成果图。结果表明，镇康县主要植被类型有热带季雨林、南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林、中山湿性常绿阔叶林、亚高山温凉性阔叶林、落叶阔叶林及针叶林6种类型。镇康县林地总面积171402.9 hm2，其中国有林面积20347.8 hm2，占11.87％；集体林面积68234.2 hm2，占39.81％；个体林面积82820.9 hm2，占48.32％。有林地面积154188.8 hm2，占89.96％；疏林地面积860.0 hm2，占0.50％；灌木林地面积9233.2 hm2，占5.39％；未成林造林地面积40.9 hm2，占0.02％；无立木林地面积268.7 hm2，占0.16％；宜林地面积6811.3 hm2，占3.97％。镇康县活立木总蓄积量8192960 m3，其中：天然林蓄积7572790 m3，占92.43％；人工林蓄积599800 m3，占7.32％；飞播林蓄积20370 m3，占0.25％，林木使用权以集体及个体为主。镇康县森林资源消耗逐渐减少，蓄积量有较大幅度增长，森林结构以天然林为主，生物多样性丰富，林业发展潜力大。研究结果对提高镇康县森林资源科学管理和森林经营水平，推进镇康县森林可持续经营和林业可持续发展都具有重要的参考价值。

Characteristics of Forest Resources in Zhenkang County of Yunnan Province

From March 2008 to June 2009, the forest inventory on Zhenkang county of Yunnan province was conducted, with the total surveyed area of 253 050 hm2 belonging to 706 point sample plots. The satellite image map of 1 ： 25000 was used, the sub-compartments were identified through in site division, and the positioning was conducted with GPS, the volume of sample plots were investigated with angle gauge method. The inventory data was processed with ArcGIS. The study results showed that the main vegetation types in Zhenkang county included tropical seasonal rain forest, south sub-tropical monsoon broadleaved ever-green forest, mid-montane moist ever- green broadleaved forest, sub-alpine cool broadleaved forest, deciduous broadleaved forest and coniferous forest. The total area of Zhenkang county was 171 402.9 hm2, among which the areas of state-own forest, collectively owned forest and personal forest were 20 347.8 hm2, 68 234.2 hm2 and 82 820. 9 hm2 respectively, with the percentages of 11.87 %, 39.81% and 48.32 %. The areas of forest land, open forest, shrubwood, immature forest, land without standing tree and suitable land for forest were 154 188.8 hm2, 860. 0 hm2, 9 233.2 hm2, 40. 9hm2, 268.7 hm2 and 6 811.3 hmz respectively, with the percentages of 89. 96 %, 0. 50 %, 5.39 %, 0. 02 %, 0. 16 % and 3.97 % respectively. The total volume of standing trees was 8 192 960 m3 , among which, the vol- ume of natural forests, man-made forests and aerially seeded stands were 7 572 790 m3, 599 800 m3 and 20 370 m3 respectively, and the corresponding percentages were 92.43 % , 7.32 % and 0. 25 % , the dominant forest land tenure were collectively owned and private owned. The consumption of forest resources of Zhenkang county was in a status of gradual decrease, the volume increased with the significant extent, the biodiversity was quite rich and with promising forestry development prospect.