水稻直立穗型基因多效性的研究

以直立穗型品种辽粳5号和弯曲穗型品种丰锦杂交后代来自同一F4单株的F5世代不同穗型植株为试材，对其茎叶性状和穗部性状进行测定，分析直立穗性状与其他性状的关系。结果表明：(1)直立穗型植株较矮，叶片短而宽，叶鞘长且上部节间短，而弯曲穗型则相反；(2)不同穗型植株2次枝梗、2次枝梗籽粒、2次枝梗空秕率在穗轴上的分布趋势很相近，但是直立穗型2次枝梗空秕率极显高于弯曲穗型，而1次枝梗空秕率在不同穗型间差异不明显，选育1次枝梗籽粒比率高，2次枝梗籽粒主要分布在上部的直立穗型品种，有利于改善结实性；(3)直立穗性状有可能是不完全显性。

Genetic Multiple- effects of Erect Panicle Type Rice

The erect panicle type rice Liaojing 5 was crossed with the curved panicle type Fengjin, and different panicle type rice lines of F5 generation derived from the single F4 plants were obtained. By analyzing the relationships between erect panicle traits and other characters, the results showed:1.The erect panicle rice was dwarf plant height, wide and short leaves, long leaf sheath and short upper internode;the curved panicle rice was while conversed. 2.Secondary branches, secondary branch grains and empty seed ratio of different panicle types had the similar distribution on the panicle axis, and the empty-seed ratio on secondary branches of erect panicle type was markedly higher than that of curved panicle type, but not on primary branches. High seed setting rate on primary branches and more secondary branch grains distributed on the upper part of erect panicle were beneficial to improvement of seed setting rate. 3. Erect panicle trait was incompletely dominant.