峨眉山和神农架地区森林环境与野生大熊猫栖息地特征的比较

本文通过自然地理环境、竹类分布特征以及植被中植物区系的属分布区类型的比较,分析了现今野生大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）分布区域与原有大熊猫分布的峨眉山以及大熊猫早已绝迹的神农架自然保护区的差异.结果表明：峨眉山属于大熊猫分布区域,而神农架的地理经度超出了大熊猫分布区域,其它环境因子与野生大熊猫分布地区无显著性差异（p＞0.05）;竹子种类也分布有大熊猫喜食的中小径竹;同时植物区系的属分布区类型之间没有明显的差异,森林植被的垂直分布格局极为相似.因此,造成大熊猫现在在峨眉山和神农架地区没有自然分布可能是历史上社会经济的不断发展和人为干扰程度的增加等综合作用的结果.

Comparison of the Forest Environments of the Emei Mountain and Shennongjia Areas with the Habitat Characters of the Wild Giant Pandas

In this paper ,analysis was made of the differences between the giant pandas （Ailuropoda melanoleuca） with the Emei Mountain （where 1980s） and Shermongjia Nature Reserve （where pandas had disappeared present distribution areas of the pandas were once found after many years ago） according to the natural geographical environments, staple food bamboos＇ distribution pattems and the plant genus flora characteristics of vegetation. The results showed that the Emei Mountain belonged to the giant pandas dis- tribution ranges,but the longitude of Shennongjia was out of the present giant pandas＇ distribution. There were no obvious differences among environmental factors, bamboo distribution patterns and the plant genus flora characteristics. The vertical distribution characters of forest vegetation were very similar. Historically, the social economics developed persistently and anthropogenic impacts increased unceasingly so that giant pandas disappeared afterwards in the Emei Mountain and Shennongjia Nature Reserve.