贵州省不同香气类型烟叶质量特征研究

【目的】研究不同香气类型烟叶的质量特征，探讨不同香气类型烟叶的化学成分及品质指标特点。【方法】对贵州4个香气类型烟叶366个样品的16个化学成分、4个化学品质指标和6个吸食品质进行主成分和回归分析。【结果】4种香气类型烟叶的化学成分含量、化学品质指标和吸食品质差异明显，但各烟叶化学成分的第1主成分组成较为相似，反映烟叶质量主要受碳水化合物和含氮化合物及其比值影响；第2至第7主成分组成差异较大，说明烟叶不同香型与其化学成分组成差异关系密切。4种香气类型烟叶的吸食品质分别与不同化学成分呈显著回归关系，清偏中类烟叶与蛋白质、总氮、氯、氮碱比、磷显著负相关，清香类烟叶与氮碱比、硫和锌显著正相关，偏清香类烟叶与总糖、钾氯比和硫显著正相关，中间香型类烟叶与糖氮比、总氮、还原糖和糖碱比显著正相关，显示在不同生态区域和栽培措施的共同作用下，不同香气类型烟叶的吸食品质受控的主要因子各异。【结论】不同香气类型的烟叶与不同的化学成分、化学品质指标及其组成相适应。

Study on Quality Character of Leaf for Different Types of Aroma in Guizhou Province

Objective] Studying on quality character of leaf for different types of aroma, and analyzing the characteristics of their chemical components and quality indicators. Method] Using the methods of principal factors analysis and regression analysis, with 16 leaf chemical components, 4 quality indicators and 6 indicators of smoking quality of 366 leaf samples for leaf of 4 types of aroma in Guizhou Province. Result ] The difference with 4 types of aroma were remarkable among contents of chemical components, quality indicators and smoking quality of leaf. Their first principal factors of leaf chemical components were similar, revealing that leaf quality was mainly influenced by the carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds. Their factors from second to seventh principal ones were very different, revealing that the near relationship between different types of leaf aroma and its chemical components. The smoking quality of leaf of 4 types of aroma showed obvious correlation with different chemical components, which existed significant negative correlation between the leaf of lower pure aroma and protein, total nitrogen, C1, total nitrogen/nicotine and P, whereas existed significant positive correlations between the leaf of pure aroma and total nitrogen/nicotine, S and Zn, the leaf of higher pure aroma and total sugar, K20/Cl, and S, as well as the leaf of middle aroma and Shmuk value, total nitrogen, reductive sugar and reductive sugar/nicotine, revealing that the smoking quality of leaf of different types of aroma was provided with different main relative factors under the mutual influence of ecological condition and culture techniques. Conclusion] The quality of tobacco leaf for different types of aroma was in accordance with different chemical components,chemical quality indicators and compounding of both of them.