海狸色獭兔与皱襞型獭兔不同交配组合生产性能比较研究

试验为探究海狸色獭兔与皱襞型獭兔不同交配组合生产性能比较，随机选取6~7月龄健康皱襞型獭兔和海狸色獭兔各40只（30只母兔和10只公兔），进行不同交配组合试验，分别为海狸纯繁组（海狸色獭兔（♂）×海狸色獭兔（♀））、皱襞纯繁组（白色皱襞型獭兔（♂）×白色皱襞型獭兔（♀））、正交组（海狸色獭兔（♂）×白色皱襞型獭兔（♀））和反交组（白色皱襞型獭兔（♂）×海狸色獭兔（♀）），测定母兔繁殖性能和后代生长性能、屠宰性能及被毛品质。结果显示：正交组初生窝重320.71 g、产仔数6.71只、泌乳力1 727.43 g、仔兔断奶成活率83.91%、仔兔断奶窝重5 304.14 g、幼兔料重比4.06、屠宰率62.43%、皮张面积1 160.20 cm²、被毛密度15 951.70根/cm²、被毛细度16.32 μm、粗毛率6.83%；反交组初生窝重315.14 g、产仔数6.52只、泌乳力1 710.00 g、仔兔断奶成活率80.19%、仔兔断奶窝重4 814.82 g、幼兔料重比4.30、屠宰率62.93%、皮张面积1 172.20 cm²、被毛密度16 092.01根/cm²、被毛细度16.43 μm、粗毛率6.78%，经比对两组间差异均不显著（P>0.05）；而海狸色纯繁组的初生窝重、产仔数、泌乳力、仔兔断奶成活率、仔兔断奶窝重、皮张面积、被毛密度、被毛细度均较皱襞型纯繁组低、而幼兔料重比、屠宰率及粗毛率均较皱襞型纯繁组高，经比对两个纯繁组间除料重比、屠宰率、被毛细度和粗毛率差异不显著外（P>0.05），其他各指标差异均显著（P<0.05）。综上所述，正交组合亲代的繁殖性能及F1代的生长性能和屠宰性能均略好于反交组合；而反交组合F1代的被毛品质略好于正交组合。

Comparison of Production Performance of Different Mating Combination Between Castor Rex Rabbit and Plicae Rex Rabbit

In order to compare the production performance of different mating combination between Castor Rex rabbit and Plicae Rex rabbit,40 Castor Rex rabbit (10 ♂ and 30 ♀) and 40 Plicae Rex rabbit (10 ♂ and 30 ♀) with 6 to 7 month old were selected.Hybrid testing was conducted using Plicate Rex rabbit and Castor Rex rabbit as crossing parents which were Castor Rex rabbit pure breeding (Castor Rex rabbit ♂×Castor Rex rabbit ♀),Plicate Rex rabbit pure breeding (Plicae Rex rabbit ♂×Plicae Rex rabbit ♀),orthogonal combination (Castor Rex rabbit ♂×Plicae Rex rabbit ♀)and reciprocal combination (Plicae Rex rabbit ♂×Castor Rex rabbit ♀).The reproductive performance of rabbits does and the growth performance,the slaughter performance and wool quality of their offsprings were measured respectively. The results showed that the neonatal weight of litter,litter size,lactescence,survival rate,weaning weight of litter,F/G,slaughter rate,skin area,hair density,hair fineness and coarse wool rate of orthogonal combination were 320.71 g,6.71,1 727.43 g,83.91%,5 304.14 g,4.06,62.43%,1 160.20 cm²,15 951.70/cm²,16.32 μm and 6.83%,respectively,while that of reciprocal combination were 315.14 g,6.52,1 710.00 g,80.19%,4 814.82 g,4.30,62.93%,1 172.20 cm²,16 092.01/cm²,16.43 μm and 6.78%,respectively,and the differences between reciprocal combination and orthogonal combination were not significant (P>0.05).The F/G,slaughter rate and coarse wool rate of F1 in Castor Rex rabbit pure breeding were higher than that of Plicate Rex rabbit pure breeding,while the other indexes were all lower than Plicate Rex rabbit pure breeding,of which the differences between two pure breeding, except F/G,slaughter rate,hair fineness and coarse wool rate, were significantly different (P<0.05).In conclusion,the reproductive performance of parental generation and growth and slaughter performance of F1 in orthogonal combination was slightly better than that of reciprocal combination,while the wool quality of F1 in reciprocal combination was better than orthogonal combination.