金荞麦对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和肠道形态结构的影响

本试验旨在研究日粮中添加金荞麦对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和肠道形态结构的影响。选择1日龄铁脚麻肉仔鸡270只，随机分为3组（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组），每组6个重复，每个重复15只鸡。Ⅰ组为对照组，饲喂基础日粮，不添加任何抗生素；Ⅱ组在基础日粮中添加8%黄霉素60 mg/kg和15%金霉素270 mg/kg；Ⅲ组在基础日粮中添加1%金荞麦。试验期为21 d。结果显示，①21日龄时，Ⅲ组肉仔鸡平均日采食量显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.05），3组间平均日增重、料重比均差异不显著（P>0.05）。②21日龄时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组胸腺指数、法氏囊指数均显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），3组间脾脏指数差异不显著（P>0.05）。③21日龄时，Ⅲ组血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）均显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。④21日龄时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）含量均显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组肠道黏膜白细胞介素-6（IL-6）显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。⑤21日龄时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠绒毛高度显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ组（P<0.05），3组间隐窝深度差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述，日粮中添加适量的金荞麦对肉仔鸡生长性能无显著影响，但可促进肉仔鸡免疫器官发育，提高血清免疫球蛋白及空肠黏膜免疫因子分泌，同时可促进肠道绒毛生长，改善肠道形态结构。

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on Growth Performance,Immune Function and Intestinal Structure of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara on growth performance,immune function and intestinal structure of broilers. A total of 270 one-day-old healthy Tiejiaoma broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 broilers per replicate.Control group was fed with the basal diet,group Ⅱ was fed with basal diet adding 8% flavomycin 60 mg/kg +15% aureomycin 270 mg/kg and group Ⅲ was fed with basal diet adding 1% Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara. The trial period lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follow:① At 21 days of age,the average daily feed intake of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in the average daily gain and F/G among the three groups (P>0.05).②At 21 days of age,the thymus and bursa of Fabricius indexes of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05);But the spleen index were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the content of IgA and IgM in serum of groups Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IgG in serum of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05).④At 21 days of age,the content of IL-2,TNF-α and sIgA in intestinal mucosa of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),and the content of IL-6 in intestinal mucosa of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05).⑤At 21 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05),the villus height/crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). However,the crypt depth was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05).In conclusion,that Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara could not affect the growth performance of broilers,but it could improve the development of immune organs,increase the secretion of serum immunoglobulin, promote the immune function of intestinal mucosa and intestinal morphology of jejunum.