基于物联网技术的土壤温度水分远程实时监测系统的构建和运行

物联网能够通过传感器和互联网将任何物体联系起来,为进行实时跟踪监测、管理和研究提供了有效手段。该技术在土壤生态系统研究领域具有应用前景,但在国内发展滞后亟待深入研究和拓展。本研究将物联网技术与土壤生态环境因子监测研究相结合,选择三峡库首地区典型土壤和不同施肥条件下的脐橙为对象,通过野外安装土壤剖面温度水分传感器、环境温湿度传感器、有线和无线数据传输网络硬件,同时定制开发了一套远程监控管理软件平台,构建了一个基于物联网的土壤环境远程实时监测系统。该系统是利用交叉学科优势对土壤生态因子监测和研究手段在时空范围上拓展和探索,克服了传统原位采样和测试方法带来的滞后和误差,提高了获取数据的效率和准确性。利用该系统特点通过进一步研究脐橙生长过程对土壤剖面温度水分实时动态的响应机制,可深入探讨脐橙高效生产和提高水肥利用率的措施,验证物联网技术在土壤生态因子研究中的准确性和可靠性。该系统的构建和运行,将为三峡库区优质脐橙生产提供科学依据,为土壤干旱预警、水土流失以及面源污染监测提供科学手段。

Construction and Operation of Soil Temperature and Moisture Remote Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things (IOT)

Internet of Things (IOT) technology can link any object through the sensing equipment and Internet, and achieve real-time tracking monitoring, management and research functions. This method has a wide application prospect in the research field of soil ecosystem, but development of IOT technology in domestic lags behind and needs further research and application. In this research, IOT technology was combined with monitoring of soil ecological environment factors, and a soil environmental remote real-time monitoring system was built. Typical soil in the head part of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) and navel oranges under different fertilizer treatments were selected as the study objects. The system based on the IOT technology included water and moisture sensors in the soil profile, environment temperature and humidity sensors, wired and wireless data transmission network hardware, and custom developed software platform. With the interdisciplinary advantage, the system is an exploration and development of time and space scope of the soil ecological factor monitoring and research techniques. The system can decrease the lag and error in traditional sampling and in situ testing method, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data acquisition. Through monitoring the responses of navel orange growth process on soil profile temperature and humidity real-time change and its influence mechanism, we can further explore the effective mode of improving the utilization ratio of water and fertilizers and verify the accuracy and reliability of IOT technology in the research field of soil ecological system. The construction and operation of the system can provide a scientific basis for the quality navel orange production in the TGR area and explorer effective means for the agricultural soil drought warning, soil erosion and mountain agricultural non-point source pollution monitoring.