蓝舌病在全球的分布概况

蓝舌病为OIE规定的需通报疫病，我国将其列为一类动物疫病。该病已经给全球大部分流行地区造成巨大经济损失。我国于1979年首次证明该病存在，且在我国流行初期即造成大量易感动物死亡，给我国畜牧业带来了重大经济损失。但蓝舌病在我国仍属冷门研究方向，我国到底分离鉴定出多少个血清型的蓝舌病病毒，该病在我国的分布范围到底有多广？许多畜牧兽医工作者对这些问题并不是非常清楚。特别是在近年来鲜有蓝舌病引起动物发病死亡报道的前提下，人们对蓝舌病的重视程度进一步降低。本文对蓝舌病在全球的流行概况进行简要阐述，同时，对蓝舌病在我国40年的流行情况进行回顾，希望该病在我国能够得到足够的重视。

Global Distribution of Bluetongue

Bluetongue is listed as one of the notifiable diseases by OIE, and it is classified as type “A” animal diseases by the Chinese government. It has caused huge economic losses to most of the epidemic areas in the world. This disease was first identified in China in 1979, and in the early years of the epidemic of bluetongue disease, it caused great economic losses to animal husbandry because many susceptible animals died. However, bluetongue disease is still an unpopular research direction in China. it is not very clear to many veterinary workers that how many serotypes of bluetongue virus have been isolated and identified in China and how widespread the disease is in China. Especially in recent years, there are few reports of bluetongue disease leading to animal morbidity and death, and people’s attention to bluetongue disease has further decreased. This article briefly describes the prevalence of bluetongue disease in the world, and reviews the 40-year prevalence of bluetongue disease in China, hoping that the disease can attract enough attention.