噻呋酰胺不同种子处理方式对水稻纹枯病的控制效应及其安全性评价

为明确噻呋酰胺种子处理对水稻纹枯病的防治效果及对水稻生长的影响,同时为其推广应用提供科学依据,以24%噻呋酰胺悬浮剂为试验材料,采用浸种、湿拌和干拌3种种子处理方式,每种方式设置150、300、450、600 ai.g/hm²和CK 5个处理,测定其对水稻纹枯病的控制效果及对水稻种子的安全性。结果表明,播种后91天,24%噻呋酰胺悬浮剂150~600 ai.g/hm²湿拌处理对纹枯病的控制效果为90.46%~98.10%;干拌处理对纹枯病的控制效果为91.16%~99.28%;浸种处理对纹枯病的控制效果不理想。播种后108天,各处理对水稻纹枯病的防治效果略有下降,但与播种后91天对纹枯病的防治效果趋势基本一致,且各处理对水稻发芽、出苗和生长无不良影响。因此,24%噻呋酰胺悬浮剂种子处理宜湿拌和干拌,此外,从防治效果和经济角度考虑,推荐浓度为300~450 ai.g/hm²,其对水稻纹枯病具有良好的防治效果,并表现出较长的持效期,同时对水稻生长安全,可在水稻生产上推广应用。

Rice Sheath Blight: Control Effect and Safety Evaluation Under Different Thifluzamide Seed Treatments

To clarify the control effect of thiofuramide seed treatment on rice sheath blight and its impact on rice growth, and provide a basis for its popularization and application, 24% thiofuramide SC was used as the experimental material, and three seed treatment methods, including seed soaking, wet mixing and dry mixing were conducted, and each method was set with five treatments of 150, 300, 450, 600 ai.g/hm² and CK, to determine the control effect on rice sheath blight and safety on rice seed. The results showed that the control effect on sheath blight by wet mixing was 90.46%-98.10% when seeds were treated with 24% thifluzamide 150-600 ai.g/hm² after 91 days. The control effect on sheath blight by dry mix treatment was 91.16%-99.28%. The control effect on sheath blight was poor when seeds were treated by soaking. The effect of each treatment on rice sheath blight slightly decreased after 108 days, but the trend was basically the same as 91 days after sowing. At the same time, all treatments had no adverse effect on rice germination, emergence and growth. Therefore, rice seed treatment with 24% thifluzamide SC should be used by wet mixing or dry mixing. In addition, from the perspective of control effect and economic cost, the recommended concentration should be 300-450 ai.g/hm², which has a good control effect on rice sheath blight and a long efficacy, and is safe for rice growth.